Studied by 4 people
Polarity
________ determines whether a molecule is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, which determines its location in proteins.
Van der Waals interactions
________ are attractions between molecules that are close together as a result of these charges.
Carbon
________ has 4 electrons in its outer shell.
Hydrophobic molecules:
molecules consisting of mainly nonpolar covalent bonds
Ionic bonds
________: electrons are removed from one atom and transferred to another.
Heat is released when
hydrogen bonds form.
covalent bond
In a(n) ________, the s and p orbitals may hybridize, creating specific molecular shapes.
number of bonds
The shape is determined by the arrangement and ________ between atoms.
Phospholipids
________ are amphipathic molecules.
Atoms
________ combine to form a molecule with three dimensional shape.
Isomers
________: compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties.
A molecules shape is determined by
the positions of its atoms valence electrons.
Nonpolar covalent bond
________: equal distribution of charge so molecule doesnt feel the need to interact with other molecules, unlike polar covalent bonds.
Fatty acid tail
________: nonpolar /hydrophobic.
The high specific heat of water minimizes
temperature fluctuations to within limits that permit life.
Weak chemical bonds
________ reinforce shapes of large molecules and help molecules adhere to each other.
Specific heat
________: the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1ºC.
ability of ions
The ________ or molecules to dissolve in water.
strongest bonds
Most of the ________ in organisms are covalent bonds that form a cells molecules.
Heat is absorbed when
hydrogen bonds break.
Molecules
________ with nonpolar bonds (like hydrocarbons) are not very water soluble.
Carbon
________ can form nonpolar or polar bonds.
Covalent bonds
________: formed when the atoms of a molecule share electrons.
Atoms
________ in molecules with double bonds are linear and dont rotate.
Van der Waals Interactions
________: weak, nonspecific attractive force.
Molecules
________ with polar bonds are water soluble.
Covalent bonds
________ are not rigid and rotation around single covalent bonds allows molecules to change shape.
Hydrogen bonds
________ are very weak in comparison to covalent bonds, so it takes very little energy to break in comparison.
Covalent bonds
formed when the atoms of a molecule share electrons
Nonpolar covalent bond
equal distribution of charge so molecule doesnt feel the need to interact with other molecules, unlike polar covalent bonds
Hydrogen bond
force of attraction between a hydrogen in a polar molecule and electronegative portion in another molecule
Ionic bonds
electrons are removed from one atom and transferred to another
Van der Waals Interactions
weak, nonspecific attractive force
Evaporative cooling (ex
sweat)
Specific heat
the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1ºC
Isomers
compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties
Functional groups
groups of atoms with special chemical features that are functionally important
Phosphate head
polar / hydrophilic
Fatty acid tail
nonpolar / hydrophobic
