Final Exam PSY 101 Psychological Disorders

PSY 101

psychological disorders

a syndrom (collection of symptoms) marked by a clinically significant

societal views

of dysfunctional thoughts, feels, and behaviors influence what may be classified as a disorder

Middle Ages

people may have been cages, beaten, mutalated, teeth, intestines, or blood removed

Late 1700s

moral treatment was introduced, boosting patients moral by talking with them and treating them with gentleness, social activity and cleanliness

mid 1800s

the medical model was being used; a mental illness needs to be dignosed by its symptoms snd treated through therapy.

classification aims to

predict, suggest, and prompt

predict

the disorders future course

suggest

the appropriate treatments

prompt

research into its causes

DSM-5

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, most common tool for describing and estimating disorders

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

excessive and uncontrollable worry, more days that not, for a minimum of 6 months; may be jittery agitated, and may have difficultly sleeping

Panic disorder

unpredictable minutes long episodes of intense dread including terror, chest pain, choking, or other sensations, worry about the next attack.

Phobias

persistent irrational fear and avoidance of some object, activity, or situation

OCD

unwanted, repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions) or both

PTSD

marked by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or difficulties sleeping that lasts hours, for four or more weeks.

stimulus generalization

occurs when a persons experiences are fearful event, and later develops a fear of similar events

Reinforcement

helps maintain- anything that helps us avoid or escape the feared situation can be reinforcing because it reduces anxiety

Mirroring

can illicit fears-watching someone be afraid, may increase your fear

Major depressive disorder

signs of depression that lasts for 2 or more weeks and causes near daily distress or impairment

Seasonal Affect Disorder

episodes of depression can also be reliant on seasons

Bipolar disorder

marked by alternating moods or helplessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

Rumination

staying focused on a problem, or overthinking, can divert us from thinking about other life tasks and increase negative mood.

External forces

individuals who blame outside forces (the test was too hard) are more likely to feel anger

Internal forces

individuals who blame themselves (i'm too stupid for this class) are more likely to feel depression

Schizophrenia

marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonia, and/or diminished inappropriate emotional expression

Catatonia

disrupts a persons awareness of the world around them, individual may react very little, or not at all to their surrounding, and they may stand/hold a position for a long time

Dissociative Identity Disorder

marked by extreme dissociation of the self form ordinary consciousness; two or more distinct identities (own voice and mannerisms) seem to control a persons behavior at different times. the personalities aren't aware of each other .

anxiety cluster

fearful sensitivity to rejection

example of anxiety cluster

avoidant personality disorder

Eccentric or odd behaviors cluster

emotionless disengagement

example of Eccentric or odd behaviors cluster

shizotypal personality disorder

dramatic or impulsive behaviors cluster

attention seeking/seeking behaviors, self focused behaviors, and callous, sometimes dangerous behaviors

example of dramatic or impulsive behaviors cluster

borderline personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder , antisocial personality disorder

Anorexia Nervosa

an individual maintaining a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight sometimes accompanied by excessive exercise

Bullimia Nervosa

marked by alternating between binge eating (high calorie foods) with purging )vomiting or laxative usage) or fasting

Binge Eating Disorder

engagement in significant bouts of overeating, followed by remorse, they do not purge, fast, or exercise excessively