a syndrom (collection of symptoms) marked by a clinically significant
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societal views
of dysfunctional thoughts, feels, and behaviors influence what may be classified as a disorder
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Middle Ages
people may have been cages, beaten, mutalated, teeth, intestines, or blood removed
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Late 1700s
moral treatment was introduced, boosting patients moral by talking with them and treating them with gentleness, social activity and cleanliness
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mid 1800s
the medical model was being used; a mental illness needs to be dignosed by its symptoms snd treated through therapy.
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classification aims to
predict, suggest, and prompt
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predict
the disorders future course
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suggest
the appropriate treatments
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prompt
research into its causes
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DSM-5
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, most common tool for describing and estimating disorders
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
excessive and uncontrollable worry, more days that not, for a minimum of 6 months; may be jittery agitated, and may have difficultly sleeping
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Panic disorder
unpredictable minutes long episodes of intense dread including terror, chest pain, choking, or other sensations, worry about the next attack.
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Phobias
persistent irrational fear and avoidance of some object, activity, or situation
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OCD
unwanted, repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions) or both
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PTSD
marked by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or difficulties sleeping that lasts hours, for four or more weeks.
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stimulus generalization
occurs when a persons experiences are fearful event, and later develops a fear of similar events
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Reinforcement
helps maintain- anything that helps us avoid or escape the feared situation can be reinforcing because it reduces anxiety
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Mirroring
can illicit fears-watching someone be afraid, may increase your fear
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Major depressive disorder
signs of depression that lasts for 2 or more weeks and causes near daily distress or impairment
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Seasonal Affect Disorder
episodes of depression can also be reliant on seasons
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Bipolar disorder
marked by alternating moods or helplessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania
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Rumination
staying focused on a problem, or overthinking, can divert us from thinking about other life tasks and increase negative mood.
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External forces
individuals who blame outside forces (the test was too hard) are more likely to feel anger
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Internal forces
individuals who blame themselves (i'm too stupid for this class) are more likely to feel depression
disrupts a persons awareness of the world around them, individual may react very little, or not at all to their surrounding, and they may stand/hold a position for a long time
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Dissociative Identity Disorder
marked by extreme dissociation of the self form ordinary consciousness; two or more distinct identities (own voice and mannerisms) seem to control a persons behavior at different times. the personalities aren't aware of each other .
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anxiety cluster
fearful sensitivity to rejection
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example of anxiety cluster
avoidant personality disorder
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Eccentric or odd behaviors cluster
emotionless disengagement
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example of Eccentric or odd behaviors cluster
shizotypal personality disorder
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dramatic or impulsive behaviors cluster
attention seeking/seeking behaviors, self focused behaviors, and callous, sometimes dangerous behaviors
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example of dramatic or impulsive behaviors cluster
Studied by 10 people
