Types of Government Systems (DCUSH)
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49 Terms
What is democracy?
A system where citizens participate in government directly or through representatives.
What is an example of democracy?
The United States.
Why does the United States fit the definition of democracy?
Citizens vote in elections to choose leaders and influence laws.
What is direct democracy?
A system where citizens vote directly on laws and issues.
What is an example of direct democracy?
Ancient Athens.
Why does Ancient Athens fit the definition of direct democracy?
Male citizens voted directly on major decisions instead of electing representatives.
What is representative democracy?
A system where citizens elect leaders to vote on their behalf.
What is an example of representative democracy?
The United States.
Why does the United States fit the definition of representative democracy?
People elect representatives in Congress and other offices to make laws for them.
What is a republic?
A government where citizens elect representatives and laws apply equally.
How is a republic different from other forms of democracy?
A republic emphasizes the rule of law and constitutional limits.
What is an example of a republic?
The United States.
Why does the United States fit the definition of a republic?
The country is governed by elected officials under a written constitution.
What is a monarchy?
Rule by a king or queen.
What is an example of a monarchy?
The United Kingdom.
Why does the United Kingdom fit the definition of monarchy?
The UK’s current king is King Charles III.
What is absolute monarchy?
A system where monarchs have nearly total power.
What is an example of absolute monarchy?
Louis XIV’s France.
Why does Louis XIV’s France fit the definition of absolute monarchy?
Louis XIV centralized power and famously claimed 'I am the state'.
What is a dictatorship?
A system where one ruler holds complete power.
What is an example of dictatorship?
Hitler’s Germany.
Why does Hitler’s Germany fit the definition of dictatorship?
Adolf Hitler controlled the government and eliminated political opposition.
What is totalitarianism?
A system where the government controls nearly every aspect of life.
What is an example of totalitarianism?
Stalin’s USSR.
Why does Stalin’s USSR fit the definition of totalitarianism?
Stalin’s government controlled the economy, media, education, and political life.
What is theocracy?
A system where religious leaders rule the government; the government is run by religious law.
What is an example of theocracy?
Iran.
Why does Iran fit the definition of a theocracy?
Religious leaders hold major political authority and laws are influenced by religion.
What is oligarchy?
A system where a small group holds power.
What is an example of oligarchy?
Russia.
Why does modern Russia fit the definition of oligarchy?
A small group of wealthy, politically connected elites hold significant control over government and economy.
What is communism?
A system where the government controls the economy and property, aiming for a classless society.
What is an example of communism?
The Soviet Union.
Why does the Soviet Union fit the definition of communism?
The government owned major industries and controlled economic production.
What is socialism?
A system where the government provides or controls key services and industries.
What is an example of socialism?
Sweden (modern mixed model).
Why does Sweden fit the definition of socialism?
The government provides extensive social welfare programs funded through taxes.
What is a federal system?
A system where power is divided between the national and state government.
What is an example of a federal system?
The United States.
Why does the United States fit the definition of a federal system?
State governments and the federal government share powers.
What is a unitary system?
A system where the central government holds most power.
What is an example of a unitary system?
France.
Why does France fit the definition of a unitary system?
The national government has greater authority than local governments.
What is a confederation?
A system where states or regions hold most power.
What is an example of a confederation?
The Articles of Confederation.
Why does the Articles of Confederation fit the definition of a confederation?
The national government had very limited power while states held most authority.
What is a mixed economy?
A system that combines private business and government regulation/services.
What is an example of a mixed economy?
The United States.
Why does the United States fit the definition of a mixed economy?
The U.S. has private companies operating in a market economy, but the government regulates business, collects taxes, and provides programs.