Non-Mendelian Inheritance and Pedigrees

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the lecture on Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns and the use of pedigrees in genetics.

What are the types of Non-Mendelian Inheritance?

Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, Polygenic traits, Pleiotropy, Linked traits, Sex-linked traits.

What is codominance in genetics?

A form of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed.

What is an example of incomplete dominance?

Breeding a black female schnauzer with a blond male resulting in gray puppies.

What is a polygenic trait?

A trait that is controlled by multiple genes.

What is pleiotropy?

A phenomenon where one gene influences multiple traits.

What does the SRY gene do?

It causes fetal gonads to develop as testes and promotes male physical and behavioral traits.

What are linked traits?

Genes that are close together on a chromosome and tend to be inherited together.

What law of inheritance do linked traits violate?

Law of Independent Assortment.

What is an example of a sex-linked trait?

Color blindness, which is affected by genes on the X chromosome.

What is a pedigree?

A family tree used to analyze and predict inheritance patterns of traits.

What occurs in autosomal recessive inheritance?

Can have unaffected parents producing affected offspring.

What occurs in autosomal dominant inheritance?

Affected parents cannot have unaffected offspring.

What distinguishes sex-linked dominant from sex-linked recessive traits?

Depends on the pattern of male/female offspring affected and which parent passed on the allele.

What is Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)?

A metabolic disorder affecting the body's ability to process certain proteins.

What does Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) affect?

Motor and sensory neuropathies, causing loss of muscle tissue and touch sensation.