Wind circulation
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10 Terms
1
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Ekman spiral
Always 90 degrees to the wind direction
90 north in n.hem
90 south in s.hem
MAX AT POLES
90 north in n.hem
90 south in s.hem
MAX AT POLES
2
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Ekman depth
Ed=Γ(2Av/f)
Av= coefficient of turbulence viscosity
Av= coefficient of turbulence viscosity
3
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Upwelling + downwelling from ekman spiral
4
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Cyclonic Eddie
Upwelling as surface divergence
5
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Surface wind bands
6
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Convergence at equator
7
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Langmuir circulation
Series of counter-rotation of helical vortices in surface waters
Alternating clockwise and counter-clockwise flow
Results in surface convergence and divergence zones
Surface manifestations of Langmuir convergence is foam lines parallel to wind ( DO NOT IMPACT PRODUCTIVITY)
Alternating clockwise and counter-clockwise flow
Results in surface convergence and divergence zones
Surface manifestations of Langmuir convergence is foam lines parallel to wind ( DO NOT IMPACT PRODUCTIVITY)
8
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What happens to flow when all forcing stops
Inertia currents
9
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Centripetal force
Balance - mu2/r= mfu
As long as motions small scale, f is constant and period is given by t=2πr/u=2π/f
At poles= 12h
At equator t= infinite
As long as motions small scale, f is constant and period is given by t=2πr/u=2π/f
At poles= 12h
At equator t= infinite
10
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Flow at equator
