anatomy lab : cell structure & function
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29 Terms
importance of cells in the body
-form tissues & organs
-convert nutrients into energy
-protect against disease
-repair damage
nucleus
acts as the control center
functions → stores genetic information (DNA) , regulates cell growth & reproduction
location of plasma membrane
outer boundary of cell, surrounding cytoplasm
composition of plasma membrane
-proteins & lipids
consists of phospholipid bilayer ⬇
-hydrophobic tails pointing inward (water hating)
- hydrophilic heads facing the aqueous environment (water loving)
cell diagram
😆
mitochondria
atp production
*double membrane
ribosome
makes proteins
rough ER
protein production for export
rough = ribosomes
smooth ER
lipid & steroid synthesis
*has no ribosomes
smooth = Steroid Synthesis
golgi complex
-assembles and packages macromolecules 📪✉
post office 📫
lysosome
digestion of material
lyso = lysol 🧽
peroxisome
conversion of hydrogen to water
the cell cycle
consists of interphase, mitosis & prophase
interphase
where a cell undergoes growth & duplication of DNA
inter = INBETWEEN
mitosis
-nuclear division of genetic information to produce two identical nuclei
⭐ 4 phases → prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase
⭐️PMATTTTTTTT⭐️
prophase
-chromosomes condense
-nuclear membrane breaks
P = PREPARE
metaphase
chromosomes align in middle of the poles of the cell
meta = MIDDLE
anaphase
chromatids get pulled away at the centromere
-chromatids known as the daughter chromosome
Ana=AWAY
telophase
2 nuclei form
telo = TWO
diffusion
movement of paticles against a concentration gradient
⭐️particles move from high → low concentration ⭐️
high solute concentration
is HYPERtonic = MORE of
low solute concentration
HYPOtonic = LESS of
isotonic
-equal
-same concentration of solutes
osmosis
the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane 💧
water moves to
higher concentration 💧
hypotonic
HYPO → HIPPO → BIG 🦛🦛🦛
swell & eventually burst
red blood cell turning into a fat hippo 🦛💥
hypertonic
shrink & shrivel
shrink after being hyper 😴
isotonic
maintain normal shape & volume
cytoplasm
supports and suspends organelles
Note 
Flashcards (62)