Alterations in Endocrine Function

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions related to alterations in endocrine function, diabetes, and the role of nursing in managing these conditions.

Endocrine System

A system of glands that secrete hormones to regulate various bodily functions, including homeostasis.

Hypothalamus

The part of the brain that coordinates the production and release of hormones.

Hyperglycemia

A condition characterized by an excessively high level of glucose in the blood.

Insulin

The hormone produced by the pancreas that facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells.

Gluconeogenesis

The metabolic process by which glucose is generated from non-carbohydrate sources.

Diabetes Mellitus

A group of diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.

Hypothyroidism

A condition resulting from the underproduction of thyroid hormones, leading to a slowdown in metabolism.

Hyperthyroidism

A condition characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones, resulting in an accelerated metabolism.

Metabolic Syndrome

A cluster of conditions—including increased blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol levels—that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

Type 1 Diabetes

An autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.

Type 2 Diabetes

A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose), often related to insulin resistance.

Lab Testing

Diagnostic tests used to measure blood glucose levels, HbA1c, lipid profiles, and other markers in managing diabetes.

Role of the Nurse

To monitor and manage blood glucose levels, educate clients, administer medications, and support lifestyle changes.