________: found with free glucose in honey and fruits (e.g. apple)
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constipation
Softens stool: decrease risk for ________, hemorrhoids, and diverticulosis.
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Glycemic index
________ (GI): the area under the blood glucose curve seen after ingestion of meal with carbohydrate- rich food, compared with the area under the blood glucose curve observed after a meal consisting of the same amount of carbohydrate in the form of glucose or white bread.
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Maltose
________: product of enzymatic digestion of polysaccharides, found in beer and ________ liquors.
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Carbohydrates
________ differ in their glycemic response (GR)
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Lactose
________: principal sugar found in milk.
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bowel mobility
Increasing ________ during exposure of intestines to carcinogens.
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Dietary fiber
________: non- digestible, non- starch carbohydrates and lignin present in plants.
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Absence of dietary carbohydrate
________ leads to ketogenesis.
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Soluble fiber
________ is the edible part of plants.
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High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
Corn syrup that has undergone enzymatic processing to convert their glucose into fructose and have been mixed with pure corn syrup (100 % glucose) to produce a desired sweetness.
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Primary role of dietary Carbohydrates
provide energy
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glucose
fruits, sweet corn, corn syrup, honey
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fructose
found with free glucose in honey and fruits (e.g
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HFCS 55 (55% fructose and 42% glucose)
substitute for sucrose on beverages (e.g
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major difference
HFCS is ingested as a mixture of monosaccharides
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sucrose
table sugar
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lactose
principal sugar found in milk
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maltose
product of enzymatic digestion of polysaccharides, found in beer and malt liquors
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Sources of Polysaccharides
starch, wheat, potatoes, dried peas, beans (legumes) and vegetables
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Dietary fiber
non-digestible, non-starch carbohydrates and lignin present in plants
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softens stool
decrease risk for constipation, hemorrhoids, and diverticulosis
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Glycemic index (GI)
the area under the blood glucose curve seen after ingestion of meal with carbohydrate-rich food, compared with the area under the blood glucose curve observed after a meal consisting of the same amount of carbohydrate in the form of glucose or white bread
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low GI
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high GI
≥70
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RD for for carbohydrate
130 g/day for adults and children
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adults should consume ____ of their total calories from carbohydrates
45% - 65%
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**HFCS 55** contain
55% fructose and 42% glucose
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**HFCS 55** substitute for
sucrose on beverages (e.g. soft drinks)
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**HFCS 42** used in
processed foods
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sucrose is made up of
glucose + fructose
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lactose is made up of
glucose + galactose
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maltose is made up of
glucose + glucose
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Recommended intake (AI) for total fiber:
25 g/day for women
38 g/day for men
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added sugars should represent _____ of total energy intake
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