hist 304 exam dec 19th

Soviet-American WWII Alliance

A coalition misunderstanding; Soviets saw it as a coalition while Americans considered it an alliance.

Stalin's Distrust

Stalin feared collective security and believed capitalist cooperation was unfeasible, which influenced Soviet policies.

League of Nations

An international organization that Stalin was invited to join but refused due to concerns over collective security.

Poland Post-WWII

Devastated by WWII; Soviets occupied it and later established a communist government, defying agreements with the US.

Iran 1945

Soviet occupation continued despite an agreement to withdraw, highlighting tensions between the US and Soviets.

Atomic Bomb Development

Both US and Soviets kept their development of atomic bombs secret from each other, escalating tensions.

Kennan's Long Telegram

A response to Stalin's speech asserting the Soviet inability to cooperate and calling for action against aggression.

Truman Doctrine

US policy to provide support to countries resisting communism, influenced by the economic crisis in Greece.

Marshall Plan

An American initiative to aid European recovery post-WWII, seen by the Soviets as a threat to their influence.

Berlin Occupation

Germany was divided into four sectors controlled by US, British, French, and Soviets after WWII.

Korean War

A conflict from 1950 to 1953 that marked the first military action of the Cold War on a global scale.

De-Stalinization

A process initiated after Stalin's death in 1953, leading to reforms in Eastern Europe.

1961 Berlin Wall

Built to prevent East Germans from escaping to West Germany, symbolizing Cold War divisions.

Cuban Missile Crisis

A major Cold War confrontation in 1962 where the Soviet Union deployed missiles in Cuba.

Détente

A period of eased tensions between the US and USSR involving arms control negotiations.

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963

An agreement that prohibited nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, underwater, and in space.

SALT I

The first Strategic Arms Limitation Talks agreement, capping missile numbers and introducing verification.

Brezhnev Doctrine

The Soviet policy stating the USSR's right to intervene in socialist states facing threats.

Prague Spring

A period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia during 1968, crushed by Soviet intervention.

Vietnam War

A conflict significant to the Cold War, where the US attempted to prevent the spread of communism in Southeast Asia.

Sino-Soviet Split

A rift between China and the USSR due to ideological differences, weakening communist unity.

Non-Alignment Movement

An organization of states that did not align with either the US or the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Anglo-French-Israeli Intervention

A military campaign during the Suez Crisis of 1956 opposed by the US and USSR.

Six-Day War

A 1967 conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors that shifted the balance of power in the Middle East.

Yom Kippur War

A 1973 conflict initiated by Egypt and Syria against Israel, leading to a renewed US involvement in peace efforts.

Czechoslovakia 1968

Year of reform attempts that were ultimately suppressed by Warsaw Pact forces.

Arab-Israeli Conflict

A longstanding struggle fueled by territorial and political disputes between Israel and Arab states.

Nuclear Arms Race

The competition between the US and USSR to develop and accumulate nuclear weapons during the Cold War.

Suez Crisis 1956

A diplomatic and military confrontation over the nationalization of the Suez Canal by Egypt.

Cuban Missile Crisis Outcome

Forced the US and USSR to engage in nuclear arms reduction negotiations following heightened tensions.

Human Rights in Cold War

International focus on human rights, influencing diplomacy and internal politics within communist states.

Khrushchev's Policies

Khrushchev's leadership included attempts at reforms but ended with his ousting in 1964.

Asian-African Conference

A gathering in Bandung in 1955, promoting solidarity and decolonization among newly independent states.

Helsinki Accords

A 1975 agreement focusing on security and cooperation in Europe, recognizing post-war borders and rights.

Iranian Revolution 1979

An uprising against the Shah of Iran, leading to the establishment of an Islamic Republic.

Afghan Conflict 1979-1989

Soviet invasion seen as a Cold War confrontation that led to global Islamist resistance.

Eastern Bloc Collapse

The disintegration of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe leading to the end of the Cold War.

Gorbachev's Reforms

Glasnost and Perestroika aimed to revitalize the Soviet Union but ultimately led to its collapse.

Cuban Revolution

The rise of Fidel Castro, marked by radical socialist policies and agrarian reforms post-1959.

Cold War Unraveling

The gradual dissolution of the Cold War structure, driven by socioeconomic factors and internal dissent.

USSR Dissolution

The official end of the Soviet Union in 1991, marking the conclusion of the Cold War era.

Berlin Wall Fall 1989

The symbolic end of the Cold War, leading to the reunification of Germany.

Multilateralism Post-Cold War

The shift towards collaborative engagement among multiple global actors after the Cold War.

Soviet Foreign Policy

Characterized by a mixture of ideological commitment and opportunism during the Cold War.

Detente's Fragile Nature

Reflected in the fluctuating relations and mistrust between the US and USSR despite agreements.

Sino-American Relations 1972

Nixon's visit to China marked the beginning of a new diplomatic relationship with significant global implications.

Vietnamese Communism

Rooted in earlier nationalist movements; aimed at reunifying Vietnam under communist leadership.

Crisis of the Soviet Union,

Internal economic and political strife leading to the eventual collapse of the USSR.

Mao's Cultural Revolution

A campaign initiated by Mao Zedong to enforce communism by purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements.

Political Islam Rise

Emergence of Islamism as a significant political force in reaction to Cold War dynamics.

Crisis in Lebanon 1975-1991

Civil conflict influenced by Cold War dynamics and the PLO's activities, leading to long-term regional instability.

Cameron Plan

A proposal addressing economic cooperation and competition between Eastern and Western Europe.

Marshall Plan Impact

Significantly contributed to the economic recovery of Western Europe post-WWII and set the stage for integration.

Decolonization and the Cold War

Many former colonies navigated independence while contending with Cold War pressures.

Latin America and Cold War

The influence of the Cold War in shaping political and social realities in Latin American nations.

Ghana's Nkrumah

A leader who exemplified the post-colonial challenges of governance and external influence.

Non-Alignment's Importance

Provided a platform for smaller nations to assert sovereignty during the Cold War.

Brezhnev Doctrine,

Asserted the right to intervene in socialist countries facing threats from capitalist forces.

Patrice Lumumba

Congo's first democratically elected leader, whose assassination marked Cold War involvement.

Role of the Vatican

Engaged in promoting change in Eastern Europe, influencing religious and political dynamics.

Gorbachev and Glasnost

Policy of openness leading to increased transparency and eventual reform challenges in the USSR.

Nixon-Kissinger Strategy

Emphasized realpolitik and strategic engagement with both China and the USSR during détente.

Afghan Jihad Impact

Spawned resistance movements against the Soviets, influencing global militant Islamic narratives.

Arab Spring Echoes

The revolutionary momentum that began to unfold in the Middle East starting from North Africa.

Disillusionment in Eastern Europe

Widespread dissatisfaction with communist governance leading to revolutions in the late-1980s.

Women's roles in Cold War

Active participation in protests and movements demanding rights and representation.

David's Peace Strategy

The approach taken by leaders like Sadat for diplomatic engagement instead of conflict.