Chromosomes
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Last updated 11:40 AM on 1/11/23
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33 Terms
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Nondisjunction
________ is caused by: error in homolog separation in anaphase I and sister chromatid separation in anaphase II.
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Trisomy
________: three chromosomes in a gamete.
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Polyploidy
________: entire extra set of chromosomes; common in plants.
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Genetic map
________: an ordered list of loci along a chromosome.
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Barr body
________: the inactive, condensed X chromosome.
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Fruit
________ flies produce 100s of offspring, new generation every 2 weeks, only 3 autosomal and 1 sex chromosome.
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Trisomy X
________: shows no difference from the normal XX.
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Nondisjunction
________: gametes having one extra and one less chromosome.
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wild type
the normal/most common phenotype in natural populations
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mutant
the opposite of wild type
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sex-linked/X-linked
genes located on sex/X chromosome
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Genetic map
an ordered list of loci along a chromosome
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genetic map was constructed by
Sturtevant, Morgans student
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linkage map
created by associating frequencies of recombinants along the chromosomes
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For a female to express a recessive sex-linked allele, she must be
homozygous recessive
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hemizygous
only one locus(one X to be expressed)
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X-linked recessive disorders
re-green color blindness, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hemophilia
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X-inactivation
only one of two X chromosomes are active in each cell
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Barr body
the inactive, condensed X chromosome
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Calico cats are only female, only male when
XXY (Klinefelters)
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Nondisjunction
gametes having one extra and one less chromosome
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Nondisjunction is caused by
error in homolog separation in anaphase I and sister chromatid separation in anaphase II
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aneuploidy
abnormal chromosome number
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trisomy
three chromosomes in a gamete
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monosomy
one chromosome
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polyploidy
entire extra set of chromosomes; common in plants
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trisomy 21
down syndrome
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Klinefelters
extra X chromosome
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Jacobs syndrome
extra Y chromosome
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trisomy X
shows no difference from the normal XX
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Turners Syndrome
monosomy X
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Cri du chat
deletion in chromosome 5
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Leukemia
reciprocal translocation
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