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Chapter 23: Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
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NoteStudied by 14 peopleChromosomes
- T.H. Morgan: first to associated genes with chromosomes
- worked with Drosphila melanogaster(fruit flies)
- Fruit flies produce 100s of offspring, new generation every 2 weeks, only 3 autosomal and 1 sex chromosome
- wild type: the normal/most common phenotype in natural populations
- mutant: the opposite of wild type
- sex-linked/X-linked: genes located on sex/X chromosome
- Y chromosomes has few genes, so most mutants are on the X chromosome
- genes on the same chromosome passed along as a unit
- genes on the same chromosome are linked
- linked genes don’t follow the Law of Independent Assortment
- Genetic map: an ordered list of loci along a chromosome
- genetic map was constructed by: Sturtevant, Morgan’s student
- linkage map: created by associating frequencies of recombinants along the chromosomes
- the farther apart the two genes, the high the chance that a crossover will occur, and higher the recombination frequency
- 1 map unit(mu) = 1% chance of recombination
- more than 50 mu indicates no linkage
- males determine gender of offspring
- For a female to express a recessive sex-linked allele, she must be: homozygous recessive
- hemizygous: only one locus(one X to be expressed)
- X-linked recessive disorders: re-green color blindness, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hemophilia
- X-inactivation: only one of two X chromosomes are active in each cell
- Barr body: the inactive, condensed X chromosome
- Where are the Barr body chromosomes reactivated? ovaries
- Calico cats are only female, only male when: XXY (Klinefelter’s)
- Nondisjunction: gametes having one extra and one less chromosome
- Nondisjunction is caused by: error in homolog separation in anaphase I and sister chromatid separation in anaphase II
- aneuploidy: abnormal chromosome number
- trisomy: three chromosomes in a gamete
- monosomy: one chromosome
- polyploidy: entire extra set of chromosomes; common in plants
- trisomy 21: down syndrome
- Klinefelter’s: extra X chromosome
- Jacob’s syndrome: extra Y chromosome
- trisomy X: shows no difference from the normal XX
- Turner’s Syndrome: monosomy X
- Cri du chat: deletion in chromosome 5
- Leukemia: reciprocal translocation
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Explore Top NotesNoteStudied by 10 peopleNoteStudied by 87 peopleNoteStudied by 464 peopleNoteStudied by 22 peopleNoteStudied by 14 peopleNoteStudied by 14 people
Chapter 23: Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
NoteStudied by 10 peopleUseful acronyms for Computer Science
NoteStudied by 87 peopleMyers' Psychology Unit 1: Biological Bases of Behavior
NoteStudied by 464 peopleHamlet, Act II Text Dependent Questions & 2nd Soliloquy
NoteStudied by 22 peoplePhysical Science - Chapter 13
NoteStudied by 14 peoplePhysical Science - Chapter 16
NoteStudied by 14 people