AP Bio Unit 1
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30 Terms
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Water
consists of 2 hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. Looks like Mickey Mouse.
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Carbon
________ is very versatile.
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Polar Molecule
molecule with uneven charge
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Donate H+
________ when pH goes up and accept H+ when pH goes down.
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Polar Molecule
molecule with uneven charge
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Adhesion
water molecules stick to solid surfaces graduated cylinder
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Cohesion
water molecules stick to other other water molecules
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Capillary action
when water molecules move upward through narrow tubes
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pH
a scale used to determine if an aqueous solution is an acid or a base (H+) (OH-) In pure water same amount
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Acid
donate H+ to solution
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Hydrocarbons
Molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen
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Isomer
Molecules with the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas
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3 types of isomers are
structural, geometric, enantiomers
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Structural isomers
Differ in the covalent arrangement of their atoms
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Geometric isomers
Covalent partnerships of atoms are the same, but differ in their special arrangement
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Enantiomers
Also called stereoisomers
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Adhesion
water molecules stick to solid surfaces. Ex. graduated cylinder
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Cohesion
water molecules stick to other water molecules
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Capillary action
when water molecules move upward through narrow tubes
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pH
a scale used to determine if an aqueous solution is an acid or a base. In pure water same amount of H+ and OH-
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Acid
donate H+ to solution
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Base
substance that donates OH- or accept H+ to a solution, sometimes called alkaline. Examples : bleach, ammonia
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Buffers
Substances that minimize concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution. Donate H+ when pH goes up and accept H+ when pH goes down.
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Organic Chemistry
Study of carbon based molecules
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Hydrocarbons
Molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen
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Methane
Simplest hydrocarbon
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Isomer
Molecules with the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.
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Structural isomers
Differ in the covalent arrangement of their atoms
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Geometric isomers
Covalent partnerships of atoms are the same, but differ in their special arrangement
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Enantiomers
Molecules that are mirror images. Also called stereoisomers.
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