L2: Preparation of Buffer Solutions

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11 Terms

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Buffer Solution

a solution that resists changes in pH

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What is buffer solution made of?

* weak acid & its salt
* weak base & its salt

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Buffer examples

* mix acetate acid & sodium acetate
* mix ammonia & ammonium chloride

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Acid/Base to salt ratio

1:1

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Buffering capacity works best when

the pH is near the pKa of the acid component

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Ka

ionization constant for weak acid

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Kb

ionization constant for a weak base

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Formula for pKa

pKa = -log Ka

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Formula for pKb

pKb = -log Kb

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Formula for pH of Buffer Solution

Henderson - Hasselbach Eq.

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Formula for pOH of Buffer Solution

Henderson - Hasselbach Eq.