anter/o
front
caud/o
tail (downward)
cephal/o
head (upward)
dist/o
away (from the point of attachment)
dors/o
back
inter/o
below
later/o
side
medi/o
middle
poster/o
back, behind
proxim/o
near (the point of attachment)
super/o
above
ventr/o
belly (front)
radi/o
x-rays, ionizing radiation
son/o
sound
tom/o
to cut, section, or slice
axial
horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior portions
coronal
vertical plane passing through the body from side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions
midsagittal
vertical plane passing through the body from front to back at the midline, dividing the body equally into right and left halves
parasagittal
vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing the body into unequal left and right halves
sagittal
vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing the body into right and left sides
fowler position
semi-sitting position with slight elevation of the knees
lateral recumbent position
lying on the side; right and left preceded the term to indicate the patients side
lithotomy position
lying on the back with legs raised and feet in stirrups, hips and knees flexed, and thighs abducted and externally rotated
orthopnea
sitting upright in a chair or in bed supported by pillows behind the back. Sometimes the patient tilts forward, resting on a pillow supported by an overbed table
prone position
lying on abdomen, facing downward; head may be turned to one side
recumbent position
lying in any position
sims position
lying on side in a semiprone position with the knee drawn up toward the chest and the arm drawn behind the parallel to the back.
supine position
lying on back, facing upward
trendelenburg position
lying on back with body tilted so that the head is lower than the feet
radiograph
record of x-rays
rdiography
process of recording x-rays
radiologist
physician who specializes in x-rays
radiology
study of x-rays
sonogram
record of sound
sonography
process of recording sound
computed tomography (CT)
imaging modality that combines x-rays with computer technology to produce detailed, cross secitonal images of the body called, "slices"
fluroscopy
imaging of moving body structures, like an x-ray movie
nuclear medicine (NM)
imaging of internal structures by using a Gamma camera to detect radiation from different parts of the body after a radioactive material (radioisotope) has been given to the patient
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
high strength, computer-controlled magnetic fields producing a series of sectional images (slices) that visualize abnormalities such as swelling, infections, tumors, and herniated disks
scan
image obtained from diagnostic imaging procedures using sensing devices and (most often) radioisotopes
umbilical region
around the navel
lumbar regions
to the right and left of the umbilical region, near the waist
epigastric region
superior to the umbilical region
hypochondriac region
to the right and left of the epigastric regions
hypogastric region
inferior to the umbilical region
iliac regions
to the right and left of the hypogastric region, near the groin