internationalism, isolationism,imperialism history test

Isolationism

When a nation devotes its resources to its own advancement and remaining at peace by avoiding foreign alliances and responsibilities

Internationalism

Policy in which a nation believes countries should cooperate within international organizations (i.e. NATO, United Nations, etc…) settle disputes

Imperialism

Policy in which stronger nations, primarily for their own benefit, extend their economic, political, and/or military influence over weaker territories

3 reasons America participated in imperialism

1. Economic markets 2. Belief in racial and cultural superiority 3. Pursuit of military strength

Economic reasons for America participating in imperialism

1. wanted raw materials (like sugar) 2. America competed with European nations for new markets (places) to sell goods 3. U.S believed it needed an empire to be perceived as a major world power like Europe

Social darwinism

Belief that certain races and nations were genetically superior and destined to rule over “inferior” peoples and cultures

Alfred T. Mahan

Mahan said that sea power= national power, so the U.S should build a strong navy and control the oceans, he also built naval vessels to move quickly b/t the Atlantic and Pacific oceans

3 causes of the Spanish American War

1. The U.S support for Cuban independence 2. The explosion of the USS Maine 3. Yellow journalism

William Randolph Hearst

An American newspaper publisher who created the world’s greatest newspaper chain —> popularizing investigative reporting and sensationalist journalism. *Used papers to oppose Spanish rule in Cuba

Yellow journalism

Newspapers that use sensational headlines and exaggerated stories in order to promote readership

Rough Riders

Teddy Roosevelt started this —> a group of men consisting of rugged westerners and upper class easterners who fought during the Spanish American war (went up on the hill)

USS Maine controversy

Declaration of war on Spain, theories range from being an accident internal explosion (coal bunker fire) but Spain is blamed

Treaty Of Paris

Ended the Spanish American war —> Spain agreed to free Cuba, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the U.S and sell the Philippines to the U.S for $20 mil

Impact on Spanish American war

The rise of the U.S as a world power and end of Spain’s colonial empire

Territory America gained

Puerto Rico, Cuba, Philippines, Guam

Big stick diplomacy

Teddy Roosevelt‘s foreign policy while he was president —> policy of careful negotiation (“speaking softly”) supported by the unspoken threat of a powerful military (“big stick”)

Results of U.S imperialism

Led to the emergence as a global power, territory expansion (Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines, etc), increased economic growth, and a stronger military

Reasons for U.S intervention in Panama/Columbia

Primarily for military reasons associated with empire but also for international trade

Reasons for U.S intervention in Hawaii

U.S military wanted to maintain naval base at Pearl Harbor to have a place to refuel their ships moving through the Pacific Ocean