reactions of benzene
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7 Terms
what is an electrophile?
an e- deficient molecule w/ a +ve/δ+ charge attracted to e- rich regions in other molecules/ions
give the equation and reagents for the nitration of benzene:
conc HNO3 and conc H2SO4
outline the mechanism for the nitration of benzene:
which catalyst is used in the nitration of benzene? what is the significance of this?
sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
helps to make the nitronium ion - NO2+
give the 2 eqns for the formation of the nitronium ion:
HNO3 + H2SO4 → H2NO3+
H2NO3+ → H2O + NO2+
(highlighted in purple - products you should give if combining the 2 eqns)
give 2 reasons why the nitration step is important in organic synthesis:
used in the manufacture of explosives
used in the formation of amines
outline the steps of Friedel-Crafts acylation in eqn/mechanism form:
Note 
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