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Seminal vesicle
_____ secretes a fluid that makes up most of the components of the semen.
hormone inhibin
The ________ stops the release of GnRH and FSH, which will cause spermatogenesis to slow down.
Testosterone
________ negatively feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary to decrease the production of GnRH and LH.
negative feedback system
A(n) ________ occurs in the male with rising levels of testosterone acting on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary to inhibit the release of GnRH, FSH, and LH.
male gonads
The ________ are the testes (singular: testis) hanging in the scrotum.
LH
________ also enters the testes and stimulates the interstitial cells of Leydig to make and release testosterone into the testes and the blood.
Corpus luteum
________ secretes estrogen and progesterone.
Estrogen
________ secreted at low levels during most of the cycle.
Immature follicles
________ have receptors for FSH but not LH.
seminal fluid
Semen, also known as ________, is much more than just sperm.
scrotum
The ________ contains two testes (testicles) where sperm are manufactured within tubes called seminiferous tubules, and the two epididymides where sperm are stored.
sperm begin
Inside each tubule, ________ as blob- like cells called spermatogonia lining the inner wall.
female egg maturation
Unlike ________, which occurs in cycles and ceases at menopause, sperm production is continuous, reducing gradually with age.
male
Unlike the ________, the female reproductive organs are located entirely inside the body.
Androgen
________ and Testosterone: affects primary and secondary sexual characteristics.
Mature follicle
________ have receptors for LH.
Corpus luteum
________ secretes estrogen and progesterone.
tail
Sperm develop in the testes and consist of a head, a midpiece, and a(n) ________.
Follicular tissue
________ develops into corpus luteum.
menstrual cycle
During each ________, follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) causes one egg to begin development; this takes place inside a primary follicle.
presence of LH
Synthesize hormones and produce testosterone in the ________.
FSH
________ enters the testes and stimulates the Sertoli cells to begin facilitating spermatogenesis using negative feedback.
front section
The head contains the nucleus with densely coiled chromatin fibers (chromosomes), with a(n) ________- the acrosome that contains enzymes for penetrating the female egg.
human ejaculation
There are around 200 to 500 million sperm in an average in a single male ________.
new individual
Nurtures the development of and provides nourishment for the ________.
Egg fertilization
________ usually occurs in the ampulla, the eggs then travel through the isthmus to the uterus.
Sperm production
________ requires a slightly lower temperature than the human body that is why the scrotum hangs loosely outside the body cavity.
Stimulate spermatogenesis
________: sperm production in sertoli cells (lifetime process)
Granulosa cells of follicle
________ secretes estrogen.
vulva
The ________ and its structures form the external genitalia.
vagina
The ________ extends down from the cervix, the lower part of the uterus, to the vestibule, which is part of the vulva and the external genitalia.
uterine lining
The blastocyst attaches to the wall of the uterus and gradually implants itself into the ________.
female reproductive glands
The ________ (ovaries) are located within the abdomen.
internal genitalia
The ________ includes a three- part system of ducts: the uterine tubes, the uterus, and the vagina.
egg travels
The ripe ________ along the fallopian tube to the uterus, the muscular sac in which it develops into an embryo and then fetus.
egg cells
The ovaries produce ________ and release them for fertilization.
seminiferous tubules
Each testis is a mass of more than 800 tightly looped and folded vessels known as ________.
Bulbourethral gland
________ (Cowpers gland)- secretes a thick and clear mucus that lubricates and neutralizes any trace of acidic urine in the urethra.
Prostate gland
________- secretes a slightly alkaline milky fluid that is discharged as part of the semen.
Sperm
________ is only about 5 to 10 % of any given male single ejaculation and the rest is fructose (aka sugar), fatty acids, and proteins to nourish the ________ during their journey.
Rate of release
________ is increased (peaked) when approaching ovulation.
Sertoli cells
________: FSH stimulates spermatogenesis.
Follicle cells
________ produce the hormone inhibin which stops FSH production.
500 inch
A sperm is about 1 /________ long, but most of this is a tail.
LH
A surge of luteinizing hormone (________) causes the follicle to rupture and release the ripe egg- this is ovulation.
Estrogen
________ also stimulates thickening of endometrium.
LH
________ luteinizes remaining follicular tissue into corpus luteum.
corpus luteum
Luteinizes the follicle into the ________.
Corpus luteum
________ secretes female hormones.
the male gonads are the testes (singular
testis) hanging in the scrotum
the two oval-shaped testes (also called testicles) lie outside the body in a pouch of skin called the scrotum, where they can maintain the optimum temperature for sperm production
approximately 5° F, lower than body temperature
the head contains the nucleus with densely coiled chromatin fibers (chromosomes), with a front section
the acrosome that contains enzymes for penetrating the female egg
Seminal vesicle
secretes a fluid that makes up most of the components of the semen
Prostate gland
secretes a slightly alkaline milky fluid that is discharged as part of the semen
Bulbourethral gland (Cowpers gland)
secretes a thick and clear mucus that lubricates and neutralizes any trace of acidic urine in the urethra
the internal genitalia includes a three-part system of ducts
the uterine tubes, the uterus, and the vagina
no eggs are manufactured after birth
a female is born with a full set
THE VAGINA
A TUNNEL WITH THREE CORE FUNCTIONS
a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) causes the follicle to rupture and release the ripe egg
this is ovulation
the lining of the empty follicle thickens into a corpus luteum
a temporary source of hormones
FERTILIZATION
A SPERM AND AN EGG FORM A ZYGOTE
THE ZYGOTE BECOMES AN EMBRYO
DEVELOPMENT PRIOR TO AND DURING IMPLANTATION
stimulate spermatogenesis
sperm production in sertoli cells (lifetime process)
Hypothalamus
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Anterior Pituitary
Gonadotropic hormones FSH and LH
Sertoli cells
FSH stimulates spermatogenesis
Leydig cells
LH stimulates hormone secretion
Androgen and Testosterone
affects primary and secondary sexual characteristics
Gonadotropins
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Gonadotropins
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Testes
Leydig cells
Androgens
Testosterone
OVARIAN CYCLE REGULATION
NEUROENDOCRINE PATHWAY
Gonadotropins
Follicle-stimulating hormone (LH)
Ovaries
Follicle & Corpus Luteum
ESTROGEN REGULATION
HIGH LEVELS
high estrogen
positive feedback on LH & FSH by stimulating GnRH
Note 
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