Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function pt. 1

Matthias Schleiden

________ observed that plants were made of cells in 1838.

Chloropasts

________ have their own ribosomes and DNA like mitochondria.

ligand

A(n) ________ is a molecule a receptor binds to.

Enzymes

________ in golgi apparatus make alters to proteins as well.

Organelles

________ in a Eukaryotic cell have specific locations they are held in.

Microfilaments

________ help cells to move and divide.

Endoplasmic reticulum

________: organelle where proteins and lipids are produced.

Receptor

________: A protein that detects a signal molecule and responds with action.

Lysosomes

________: Organelles bound to the membrane than contain enzymes.

Selective Permeability

________ allows a cell to maintain homeostasis.

Microtubules

________ give the cell its shape and help move organelles.

Cytoplasm

________ and cytoskeleton contribute to cell structure.

Ribosomes

________ are made of proteins and RNA.

Proteins

________ are delivered within the cell and out of the cell.

centrosome

A(n) ________ is a region of cytoplasm in the cell that makes microtubules.

Golgi apparatus

________: organelle that packages, sorts, and delivers proteins in the cell.

Rudolf Virchow

________ added to the cell theory by proposing all cells are made of other cells.

outside environment

There is less interference from the ________ that impacts the cell.

Mitochondria

________ have their own ribosomes and DNA from the rest of the cell.

DNA

________ is in the cytoplasm.

Robert Hooke

________ and Anton van Leeuwenhoek were two of the earliest scientists to identify and study cells in the late 1600s.

Theodor Schwann

________ proposed that all living things were made of cells in 1839, known as the cell theory.

Vesicles

________: organelles that transport materials from place to place within the cell.

Photosynthesis

________ converts solar energy into molecules that the cells uses for energy.

Vacuole

________: organelle used for storing materials needed by a cell.

Nucleus

________: Where all the genetic information (DNA) is stores in eukaryotic cells.

Cytoskeleton

________: Network of proteins that is always changing to meet the needs of a cell.

Glycerol

________ and phosphate groups form the head of the Phospholipid (polar)

Phospholipid

________: A molecule that has a charged phosphate group, glycerol, and two fatty acid chains.

Centrioles

________: organelles made of microtubules arranged in a circle.

compound microscope

A(n) ________ has two or more lenses to increase magnifying power.

plant cells

In ________ there is a central vacuole that contains mostly water.

Cells

________ mainly focus on making proteins, which are critical to organisms.

intracellular receptor

A(n) ________ is located inside the cell.

Prokaryotic cells

________: Single- celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or any other organelles.

Eukaryotic cells

________: Multi- cellular OR single- celled organisms that have a nucleus and other organelles.

Molecules

________ within the cell can act like signals to communicate with other cells.

Selective Permeability

________: Property that only allows some materials to cross through.

Ribosomes

________: small organelles that link amino acids to form proteins.

Cytoplasm

________: A jellylike substance that holds building blocks like proteins and nucleic acids.

DNA

________ is in nucleus.

Chloropasts

________: organelles that carry out photosynthesis to create energy for plant cells.

Mitochondria

________: Organelle that supplies energy to the cell.

Organelles

________: Structures in a cell that have a specific function.

Cells

________ are enclosed by membrane that lets materials in and out.

Cell Theory

A theory that states that all organisms are made of cells, cells reproduce, and cells are the basic unit of life

Cytoplasm

A jellylike substance that holds building blocks like proteins and nucleic acids

Organelles

Structures in a cell that have a specific function

Prokaryotic cells

Single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or any other organelles

Eukaryotic cells

Multi-cellular OR single-celled organisms that have a nucleus and other organelles

Cytoskeleton

Network of proteins that is always changing to meet the needs of a cell

Nucleus

Where all the genetic information (DNA) is stores in eukaryotic cells

Endoplasmic reticulum

organelle where proteins and lipids are produced

Ribosomes

small organelles that link amino acids to form proteins

Golgi apparatus

organelle that packages, sorts, and delivers proteins in the cell

Vesicles

organelles that transport materials from place to place within the cell

Mitochondria

Organelle that supplies energy to the cell

Vacuole

organelle used for storing materials needed by a cell

Lysosomes

Organelles bound to the membrane than contain enzymes

Centrioles

organelles made of microtubules arranged in a circle

Cell wall

structure outside the membrane of a plant cell

Chloropasts

organelles that carry out photosynthesis to create energy for plant cells

Cell membrane

The boundary between a cell and the outside environment

Phospholipid

A molecule that has a charged phosphate group, glycerol, and two fatty acid chains

Fluid Mosaic Model

Model that shows the arrangement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane

Selective Permeability

Property that only allows some materials to cross through

Receptor

A protein that detects a signal molecule and responds with action