Psychopathology Exam Two

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Excessive health concerns and distress related to physical symptoms despite medical reassurance

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Preoccupation with having or developing a serious illness based on misinterpretation of bodily sensations

Factitious Disorder

Deliberate falsification or induction of illness for psychological reasons (attention)

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self

Faking or inducing symptoms in oneself without external reward

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another

Falsifying illness in another person to gain attention

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

Neurological symptoms without medical explanation caused by psychological factors

Conversion Disorder

Older term for functional neurological symptom disorder involving unexplained neurological symptoms

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Presence of two or more distinct personality states with memory disruption

Dissociative Amnesia

Inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually trauma-related

Dissociative Fugue

Subtype of dissociative amnesia involving travel and new identity with memory loss

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

Persistent detachment from self or surroundings

Organic Amnesia

Memory loss caused by brain injury or physical damage

Anterograde Amnesia

Inability to form new memories

Psychogenic Amnesia

Memory loss without physical cause, due to psychological factors

Retrograde Amnesia

Inability to recall past information

Major Depressive Disorder

Persistent depressed mood or loss of interest causing impairment

Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode

One occurrence of major depression

Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent

Multiple depressive episodes over time

Major Depressive Disorder with Seasonal Pattern

Depression occurring during specific seasons

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

Chronic low mood lasting at least two years

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Severe mood disturbance related to menstrual cycle

Bipolar I Disorder

At least one full manic episode, often with depression

Bipolar II Disorder

Hypomanic episodes with major depressive episodes

Cyclothymic Disorder

Chronic fluctuating hypomanic and depressive symptoms

Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Four or more mood episodes within one year

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar symptoms occurring in children

Schizophrenia

Chronic psychotic disorder with delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Group of disorders related to schizophrenia varying in severity

Schizoaffective Disorder

Combination of schizophrenia symptoms and mood disorder symptoms

Delusional Disorder

Persistent false beliefs despite evidence

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Short-term psychosis lasting less than one month

Schizophreniform Disorder

Schizophrenia symptoms lasting one to six months

Persecutory Delusion

Belief of being harmed or conspired against

Delusions of Reference

Belief that events have special personal meaning

Grandiose Delusion

Belief in exaggerated power or importance

Delusions of Control

Belief that external forces control thoughts or behavior

Thought Broadcasting

Belief that thoughts are broadcast to others

Thought Insertion

Belief that thoughts are being inserted into one’s mind

Thought Withdrawal

Belief that thoughts are being removed

Delusions of Guilt or Sin

Belief of having committed a terrible act

Somatic Delusion

Belief that the body is diseased or altered

Auditory Hallucinations

Hearing sounds or voices that are not present

Visual Hallucinations

Seeing things that are not present

Tactile Hallucinations

Feeling sensations that are not real

Somatic Hallucinations

Feeling internal bodily sensations without cause

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Persistent distrust and suspicion of others

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Detachment from relationships and limited emotional expression

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Eccentric behavior and unusual beliefs

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Disregard for and violation of others’ rights

Borderline Personality Disorder

Instability in relationships, self-image, and emotions

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Excessive attention-seeking and emotionality

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Grandiosity and lack of empathy

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Social inhibition and fear of criticism

Dependent Personality Disorder

Excessive need to be cared for by others

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, and control

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

Trauma-related symptoms such as re-experiencing and emotional distress

Substance Abuse

Maladaptive pattern of substance use causing impairment

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

Deliberate self-harm without intent to die

Suicidal Ideation

Thoughts about ending one’s life

Suicide Attempts

Self-injurious behavior with intent to die

Completed Suicide

Death caused by self-inflicted harm

Mania

Period of abnormally elevated or irritable mood with increased energy lasting at least one week

Hypomania

Less severe form of mania that does not significantly impair functioning

Malingering

Faking symptoms for external gain (money, avoiding responsibility)

Catatonia

Severe psychomotor disturbance ranging from immobility to excessive movement

Formal Thought Disorder

Highly disorganized thinking leading to incoherent speech

Cluster A

(odd, eccentric behavior) Social awkwardness, detachment, unusual thinking patterns (Paranoid Personality Disorder, Schizoid Personality Disorder, Schizotypal Personality Disorder)

Cluster B

(dramatic, emotional, erratic behavior) Intense emotions, impulsivity, unstable relationships (Antisocial Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, Histrionic Personality Disorder, Narcissistic Personality Disorder)

Cluster C

(anxious, fearful behavior) Anxiety, fearfulness, avoidance (Avoidant Personality Disorder, Dependent Personality Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder)

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to physical symptoms, causing significant distress or impairment, despite medical reassurance.

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Preoccupation with having or developing a serious illness, often misinterpreting normal bodily sensations as signs of disease, leading to excessive checking or avoidance.

Factitious Disorder

Intentional production or feigning of physical or psychological symptoms for psychological gain, such as attention or sympathy, without external incentives.

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self

Deliberate falsification, exaggeration, or self-induction of illness to assume the sick role, without obvious external rewards.

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another

Falsifying illness in someone else (usually a dependent) to gain attention or sympathy, often seen in caregivers.

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

Neurological symptoms (e.g., paralysis, tremor, non-epileptic seizures) incompatible with medical conditions, triggered or maintained by psychological factors.

Conversion Disorder

Historical term for functional neurological symptom disorder; involves sudden neurological symptoms without organic cause, often linked to stress or trauma.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Presence of two or more distinct personality states or identities, each with its own pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment, with gaps in memory.

Dissociative Amnesia

Inability to recall important personal information, usually traumatic or stressful in nature, beyond ordinary forgetfulness.

Dissociative Fugue

Subtype of dissociative amnesia involving unexpected travel or wandering, sometimes with adoption of a new identity, and loss of memory for the past.

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

Persistent or recurrent feelings of detachment from one’s own body or thoughts (depersonalization) or from surroundings (derealization), causing distress.

Organic Amnesia

Memory loss due to identifiable brain injury, disease, or other physical damage affecting memory circuits.

Anterograde Amnesia

Inability to form new memories after the onset of brain injury or illness, while older memories often remain intact.

Psychogenic Amnesia

Memory loss occurring without detectable brain damage, usually triggered by severe psychological stress or trauma.

Retrograde Amnesia

Loss of pre-existing memories, often for events shortly before brain injury or trauma, while new memory formation may remain intact.

Major Depressive Disorder

Persistent depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, and associated cognitive or physical symptoms causing significant social or occupational impairment.

Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode

One isolated occurrence of a major depressive episode meeting full diagnostic criteria.

Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent

Two or more major depressive episodes separated by at least two months of remission.

Major Depressive Disorder with Seasonal Pattern

Depression episodes recurring during particular seasons, often fall or winter, with remission during other times.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

Chronic depressive mood lasting at least two years, with milder but longer-lasting symptoms than major depression.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Severe mood, irritability, or anxiety symptoms occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, interfering with daily functioning.

Bipolar I Disorder

At least one manic episode, often alternating with depressive episodes; mania is severe and may require hospitalization.

Bipolar II Disorder

Recurrent depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes; hypomania is less severe than full mania and does not cause marked impairment.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Chronic fluctuating mood with periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms not meeting full criteria for hypomania or major depression, lasting at least two years.

Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder subtype with four or more mood episodes (manic, hypomanic, or depressive) within a year, increasing severity and instability.

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder symptoms occurring in children or adolescents, often presenting with irritability, mood swings, and behavioral dysregulation.

Schizophrenia

Chronic psychotic disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior, and impaired social or occupational functioning.

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Group of related disorders ranging from brief psychotic episodes to chronic schizophrenia, varying in severity, duration, and functional impact.

Schizoaffective Disorder

Mood disorder (depression or mania) concurrent with schizophrenia-like psychotic symptoms, requiring both to be present for diagnosis.

Delusional Disorder

Persistent, non-bizarre delusions lasting at least one month, without other psychotic symptoms like hallucinations or disorganization.