culture defined week 2 exam

culture

collection of defined and shared beliefs values norms and traditions of a particular group which guide thinking decison actions

beliefs and traditions likely differ from Ur own and a learned behavior constantly evolve

true

culturally congruent care and transcultural care is what

our goal in the healthcare field

culturally congruent care and transcultural care is what empahsized

providing care based on an individuals cultural beliefs practices and values

subcultures

Various ethnic, religious, and other groups with distinct characteristics from the dominant culture.

multiracial

• heritage includes two or more racial backgrounds. This identity can influence a person’s cultural practices, health beliefs, communication patterns, and experiences with the healthcare system.

race a social construct not biological

enculturation

is the process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, norms, and practices of their own culture

Acculturation

occurs when an individual or group transitions from one culture and develops traits of another culture

(develops but doesn’t get rid of their own)

Assimilation

the process in which the individual adapts to the host’s cultural values and no longer prefers the components of the origin culture

(remember no longer prefers)

unconscious implicit bias

• Unconscious bias refers to a bias we are unaware of and that happens outside our control, which is influenced by our personal background, cultural environment, and personal experiences. Unconscious bias typically directs one to make quick judgments and assessments of people and situations. An implicit bias is similar; however, we are aware of the bias that is present.

• We are responsible for implicit bias and must recognize and acknowledge our actions as they impact our behavior, decisions, and patient-centered care provided.

stereotype

is an assumed belief regarding a particular group (Giger and Haddad, 2021). It is easy to stereotype various cultural groups after reading general information about their ethnic values, practices, and beliefs. A

cultural congruent and transcultural care big answer

• emphasizes the need to provide care based on an individual’s cultural beliefs, practices, and values; therefore, effective communication is a critical skill in culturally competent care and helps you engage a patient and family in respectful, patient-centered dialogue

• A patient-centered approach to providing transcultural care requires you to address your own implicit bias; be respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values; and ensure that patient values guide all clinical care decisions

World view

A set of assumptions that begins to develop during childhood &
guides how one sees, thinks about, experiences & interprets the world

• Avoid stereotyping & treat the individual

• Don’t look at patients through your worldview

• See every patient encounter as cross-cultural

wrold view made up of what 2 things

emic

etic

emic

think insider

or me myself and i

etic

think T for outside

Curiosity - You have something to learn from everyone

true

health disparity

A health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage

marginalized groups include

LGBTQIA+

people of color

people with physical and/or mentally challenges

people who are not college educated Etc…

Marginalized individuals often feel judged when the try to access hc

health equity

Everyone has a fair and just opportunity to attain their highest level of health.

marginilization

uts/keeps individuals in powerless or unimportant positions within society/groups

Results in poor health outcomes, earlier mortality

Significantly contributes to health disparities

SDOH

social determinants of health

Minority populations, people living in poverty, and people who are poorly educated have decreased access to care, decreased communication from providers, & are more likely to have poor health & die at an early age (social determinants of health)

intersectionality

• A research and policy model
  used to study the complexities of people’s lives and experiences
  

• Describes the forces, factors, and power structures that shape and influence life

  
  

  Most of us is at the intersection of two categories:

  • Privilege

  • Oppression

  Formal and informal system of advantages and disadvantages tied to membership in social groups, reinforced by societal norms, biases, interactions, and beliefs

  
  

Racial, Ethnic & Cultural Identity

Based on self-identification

Racial Identity (biological):

• with one or more groups in which a common heritage with a particular racial group is shared

  • Race – Generally refers to physical characteristics, like skin color

Ethnic Identity (cultural)

•  The extent one identifies with a particular ethnic group

  • Ethnicity encompasses cultural factors like nationality, ancestry, & language

Use care strategies based on knowledge of your individual patient and their cultural heritage, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors

true

disease and illness

People react differently to illness & disease based on their unique cultural perspective

in every culture regarding disease

• Health, illness, disease, and caring have meanings that are unique.

• Groups interpret and define experiences relevant to birth, illness, and death through a certain context

• Some illnesses are associate with stigma within some cultures

• Culture & life experience shape a person’s worldview about health, illness, and health care

core measures

• Key quality indicators that help health care institutions improve performance, increase accountability, and reduce costs
  - Intended to reduce health disparities

• All patients regardless of cultural and socioeconomic status are to be treated equally because the standard of care applies to all.

the joint commission supports this

Cultural Competence/Cultural Respect

 the adaptation of care in a manner that is congruent with the client’s culture

cultural humility

• is the process of self exploration and self-critiques that leads to an understanding of how culture affect health care behaviors

• Openness ~ self-awareness ~ self-reflection ~ lifelong learning ~ empathy~ compassion ~ and humility

Cultural humility helps you provide culturally sensitive care to patients from diverse backgrounds

true

Predominant culture in the US Anglicized or English-based

• Express positive and negative feelings freely

• Prefer direct eye contact when communicating

• Address people in a casual manner

• Prefer a strong handshake as a way of greeting

Do not assume that all members of a cultural group will feel the same way about a given situation. Instead, combine your knowledge about a cultural group with an attitude of helpfulness and flexibility to provide quality, patient-centered, culturally congruent

true

As a nurse you need to assume every patient encounter will be a cross-cultural one

Be Curious ~ Learn from everyone

true

cultural awareness

Self-examination of bias’ (& isms) & exploration of own background 

cultural knowledge

Learning about the beliefs& values of other cultures & culturally diverse groups

Cultural encpunter

Encourages providers to engage in face-to-face cultural interactions

cultural desire

motivation want vs have to

listen

explain

acknowledge

recommendation

negotiate

cultural skill

Ability to conduct cultural assessment & collect data

Health literacy

The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, & understand basic health information to make appropriate health decisions

be alert of behaviors that indicate low health literacy

• Difficulty completing forms

• Failing to make follow up appointments

• Difficulty understanding medication instructions

• Asking few questions

• Responding only “yes” during education

how can u help

• Identify the problem & maintain a shame free                                                                                environment

• Slow down & use plain, nonmedical language

• Use visuals

• Use Teach-back

CLAS

national culturally and linguistically appropriate services

CLAS what is it

CLAS should guide health care delivery. 

Care must be respectful and effective for clients of any language or culture. 

This includes providing:

• Language assistance to those who have communication needs (limited English proficiency)

• Information re: language services verbally and in writing

• Competent, trained interpreters

• Learning materials (videos/handouts) and signs in all the languages of the population in the area served

TJC requires healthcare facilities to have interpretation services available

true

communication aids

Language access services (free language assistance)

• Phone interpretation

• Bilingual staff or interpreter                                              services to patients with limited               

• English proficiency. 

• Use of family

overall concepts

• CULTURAL DESIRE: Be curious ( learn about new cultures, lifestyles, languages, perspectives, etc.)

• Be willing to examine your personal experiences, biases, stereotypes etc. and think of how they could affect patient care

•  Be respectful & responsive to the unique needs of each patient

• Recognize that valuing each patient’s unique needs improves the overall safety and quality of care and helps to eliminate health disparities.

• Encourage Storytelling: Helps you to understand patient’s perspective and broadens relational understanding

NPG

national performance goals

NPSG

national patient safety goals