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Radian
A unit of angle
Gravitational Potential
The amount of work done in moving a unit mass from an infinite distance to that point.
Specific Heat Capacity
The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree.
Specific Latent Heat
The amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance without a change of temperature.
Ideal gas
A hypothetical gas that has molecules with no interactions and occupies negligible space so it obeys the ideal gas law.
First law of thermodynamics
The increase in internal energy of a system is equal to the sum of the energy transferred to it through heating and work done on the system.
Angular Frequency
A measure of an object’s angular displacement per unit time.
Electric field
A region surrounding a charged object which causes a non-contact force to be exerted on any charged object placed within the field.
Magnetic Field
A region surrounding a magnet or current-carrying wire that will exert a force on any other magnetic material
Electric potential
The work done per unit charge on a positive test charge in bringing it from infinity to a chosen point in the field.
Coulomb’s Law
The size of the force that acts between two point charges is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of their separation.
Capacitance
The charge stored per unit pd
Magnetic Flux Density
The force per unit current per unit length on a current-carrying wire placed at 90º to the field lines.
Binding Energy
The energy required to split a nucleus into its individual nucleons.
Mass Defect
The difference in mass between a nucleus and the sum of the masses of its constituent nucleons.
Activity
The rate of decay of the radioactive nuclei in a given isotope.
Decay Constant
The probability of a decay occurring per unit time.
Half-Life
The time taken for half of the radioactive nuclei to decay.
Acoustic Impedance
The product of the speed of sound through a given medium, and the density of the medium.
Hubble’s Law
The speed of a galaxy moving away from ours is proportional to its distance away from us.
Wien’s Displacement Law
The peak wavelength of emitted radiation is inversely proportional to its absolute temperature.
Simple Harmonic Motion
Motion where the acceleration of an object is directly proportional, and in the opposite direction, to its displacement.
Note
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