Pharmacology Ch12

1) Blood coagulates to form a blood clot through a complex series of steps involving all of the following substances, EXCEPT ________.
A) clotting factors
B) platelets
C) white blood cells
D) thromboplastin

D) thromboplastin

2) Warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) is ________.
A) measured in milligrams
B) given orally
C) given intravenously
D) all of the above

D) all of the above

3) ________ drugs bind to fibrin strands in the clot, convert plasminogen in the clot to plasmin (fibrinolysin), an enzyme that breaks apart fibrin and the clot.
A) Anticoagulant
B) Platelet aggregation inhibitor
C) Factor Xa inhibitor
D) Thrombolytic

D) Thrombolytic

6) Heparin is always measured in ________.
A) grains
B) milligrams
C) milliliters
D) units

D) units

9) One cause of anemia is due to a decrease in the ________ in the blood.
A) amount of vitamin K
B) number of clotting factors
C) number of red blood cells
D) volume of blood

C) number of red blood cells

10) Anticoagulant drugs are used to ________ a blood clot.
A) dissolve
B) enhance
C) prevent
D) treat

C) prevent

12) The platelet aggregation inhibitor drug dipyridamole (Persantine) is given along with other anticoagulant drugs to preventing platelets from ________.
A) adhering to artificial heart valves
B) forming blood clots after a myocardial infarction
C) causing anemia
D) inhibiting vitamin K

A) adhering to artificial heart valves

13) Cathflo Activase is used to ________.
A) break up a clot that has formed in a urinary catheter
B) break up a clot that has formed in a central venous catheter or intravenous line
C) prevent a clot from forming in a central line
D) to do hemodialysis

B) break up a clot that has formed in a central venous catheter or intravenous line

14) Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) drugs are given at the time of a ________ to dissolve a blood clot that has already formed.
A) myocardial infarction
B) stroke
C) pulmonary embolism
D) all of the above

all of the above

18) Hemophiliac patients are given ________.
A) units of whole blood
B) blood products (plasma, packed red blood cells)
C) clotting factors
D) all of the above

all of the above

21) The ending ________ is common to generic name heparin and low molecular weight heparin drugs.
A) -rudin
B) -parin
C) -ase
D) all of the above

B) -parin

22) Hemophilia A is ________.
A) the most common type of hemophilia
B) caused by a lack of folic acid to build red blood cells
C) caused by the lack of clotting factor VIII
D) A and C

A and C

26) All of the following are thrombin inhibitor drugs, EXCEPT ________.
A) apixaban (Eliquis)
B) bivalirudin (Angiomax)
C) desirudin (Ipravask)
D) lepirudin (Refludan)

A) apixaban (Eliquis)

27) Which of the following is true of phytonadione (Mephyton)?
A) It is a vitamin K drug.
B) It is used to treat patients with an overdose of anticoagulant drug.
C) It is used to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
D) all of the above

D) all of the above

30) Which of the following is an example of the drug effect of antagonism?
A) changing from intravenous heparin in the hospital to an oral anticoagulant drug upon discharge home
B) giving a vitamin K drug to a newborn after birth to prevent hemorrhagic disease
C) taking an anticoagulant drug with a meal of leafy green vegetables
D) all of the above

C) taking an anticoagulant drug with a meal of leafy green vegetables

31) A platelet aggregation inhibitor drug would be given in all of the following situations, EXCEPT ________.
A) to prevent hemorrhagic disease after a newborn's birth
B) to prevent a blood clot after a myocardial infarction or stroke
C) to prevent a blood clot during angioplasty or cardiac valve surgery
D) to treat patients with acute coronary syndrome

A) to prevent hemorrhagic disease after a newborn's birth

32) In the drugs ferrous fumarate (Ferro-Sequels and ferrous gluconate (Fergon), the word ferrous tells you that these drugs contain ________.
A) folic acid
B) iron
C) thrombin
D) erythropoietin

B) iron

35) Besides being an antiplatelet drug, aspirin has other effects that include ________.
A) relieving pain
B) reducing fever
C) reducing inflammation
D) all of the above

all of the above

The liver produces clotting factors I through VIII.

False

Heparin can only be given subcutaneously or intravenously.

True

Thrombin inhibitor drugs bind to receptors on both circulating thrombin and thrombin already incorporated in a blood clot.

True

Hemophilia is an inherited genetic abnormality that causes a deficiency of a specific clotting factor.

True

Darbepoetin alfa, epoetin alfa, and epoetin beta are erythropoietin-like drugs created with recombinant DNA technology.

True

A saline or heparin lock is a device that provides immediate intravenous access for administering intravenous drugs without the need to have intravenous fluids running continuously.

True

Factor Xa inhibitor drugs are used to prevent blood clots in patients undergoing joint replacement surgery or abdominal surgery.

True

Aspirin prolongs the clotting time by inhibiting thromboxane, a substance in the blood that causes platelet aggregation.

True

clopidogrel (Plavix)

Platelet aggregation inhibitor drug

ferrous sulfate

Over-the-counter iron supplement

Aggrenox

Combination aspirin and platelet aggregation inhibitor drug

bivalirudin (Angiomax)

Thrombin inhibitor drug

Coumadin

Warfarin

enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Low molecular weight heparin drug

epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit)

Erythropoietin-like drug for Anemia

fondaparinux (Arixtra)

Factor Xa inhibitor drug

reteplase (Retavase)

Tissue plasminogen activator drug

factor VIIa (NovoSeven)

Drug used to treat hemophilia