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24 Terms
1
\ Semiconductors, such as the element silicon, may be used in cells that convert solar radiation to electricity. One of the major difficulties encountered in using silicon is that it
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is expensive to produce large quantities of extremely pure silicon.
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2
\ As of 2019, what is the maximum efficiency of a multijunction solar cell?
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46 percent
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3
\ Sunlight (solar radiation) may be turned directly into electricity using __________ cells.
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photovoltaic
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4
\ Silicon has four electrons in its outer energy level, gallium has three. Adding small amounts of gallium to pure silicon
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creates a *p*-type semiconductor.
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5
\ What element is used to dope an *n*-type semiconductor?
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Arsenic
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6
\ In a solar cell, semiconductors of the *p*-type and *n*-type are placed in contact with each other via a conducting wire. In order to generate an electric current, which of the following must be true?
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Light shining on the system must have enough energy to set electrons in motion from the *n*-type semiconductors to the *p*-type
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7
Given this diagram, this semiconductor is
carrying an extra electron.
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8
\ Which of these locations would be best suited to geothermal energy as a source to operate homes?
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Hawaii
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9
\ How is wind energy related to the Sun?
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The heat of the Sun drives large-scale movements of air
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10
\ Which source of renewable energy has seen the greatest growth in the last decade?
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Wind
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11
\ Which of the following is not seen as an advantage of increasing our use of solar energy?
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Production and storage of solar energy is cost-efficient compared to fossil fuels
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12
\ Which unit is commonly used by utilities to measure the amount of electrical energy consumed?
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kWh
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13
\ Which region is currently building the most nuclear power plants, to expand their current capacity?
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Far East Asia
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14
\ Which of the following sources of electromagnetic radiation is ionizing?
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X-ray radiation
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15
What type of radiation is given off in this nuclear reaction?
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6 C -→ 7 N + ______
Beta
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16
\ Which is a common characteristic of both nuclear and conventional electric power plants?
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Steam turbines
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17
\ Fission is the process of creating energy by
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splitting large nuclei to form smaller, more stable nuclei.
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18
\ Which of the following fission products released from the Chernobyl reactor is dangerous because it concentrates in bones?
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Sr-90
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19
\ Rank the forms of nuclear radiation from highest to lowest mass.
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\n
Alpha, beta, gamma
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20
\ The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years. If you started with 100.0 g of carbon-14, how much would remain after 4 half-lives?
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6\.25 g
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21
\ Which naturally occurring radioactive particles are negatively charged?
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Beta particles
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22
\ Which is the balanced equation for the fission of U-235?
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23
\ Approximately what percentage of the electrical energy generated in the United States is produced from nuclear energy?
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20 percent
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24
\ Complete the following statement while ignoring any thermodynamic considerations. A candle may be considered a more efficient producer of light than a flashlight because it
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