Emergency Care Vocab

AIDS

no protection against simple infections, caused by HIV, severe loss of body's cellular immunity

Air splint

a clear plastic splint that is inflated with air around the affected part and can be used for extremity splinting, provides support and moderate pressure to body

Ambulatory aid

Support or assistance given to an injured athlete who is unable to walk, should be carefully scrutinized to ensure injuries are minor

Anaphylactic shock

result of severe allergic reaction caused by foods, insect stings, or drugs by inhaling dust, pollens, etc

Arterial bleeding

bleed from an artery

Bandage

a strip of cloth or other material used to hold cover a wound or hold a dressing in place

Baroreflex

most important mechanism for moment-to-moment control of arterial blood pressure (ABP)

Bloodborne pathogen

viruses transmitted through contact with blood or other body fluids

Capillary bleeding

whenever skin is injured, with wounds

Cardiogenic schok

inability of heart to pump enough blood to the body

CPR

cardiopulmonary resuscitation, emergency procedure involving chest compressions to restore blood circulation and oxygen

Diastolic pressure

the residual pressure when heart is between beats

Direct transmission

an infectious disease that transfers from a host to a susceptible person through direct contact or droplet spread

Distributive shock

caused by vasodilation and limits blood pressure which results in adequate blood flow, nutritional supply, and oxygen flow to vital organs

Dressing

covering, protective or supportive, that is applied to an injury or wound

EAP

Employee Assistance Program thats assists employees with personal problems that may impact their health, mental/emotional well-being, and ability to work

Endemic

a disease or other factor typically found within a group of people in a certain area

Epidemic

rapid disease spread to a large number of people within a short amount of time

Epidemiology

study of factors affecting the health and illness of individuals and populations

Epistaxis

nosebleed

External bleeding

occurs when blood exits the skin through an exposed surface, indicates a bleeding tissue

Half Ring Splint

fractures of the femur, offers the best support and immobilization, device to stabilize injured leg

Hemiplegia

paralysis of half or one side of the body

Hepatitis

causes inflammation of the liver

HIPS note

evaluation using history, inspection, palpitation, and stress by involving sense of vision and touch to evaluate patient

HIV

transmitted through intimate sexual contact, causes AIDS

HOPS note

evaluation scheme that involves history, evaluation, palpitation and special tests

Hypovolemic shock

stems from trauma in which there is blood loss, more than 20%

Immunization

vaccinations against several potentially infectious conditions, should be available and given to everyone

Indirect transmission

the transfer of an infectious agent to and from a reservoir to a host through indirect contact by inanimate objects

Infectious disease

the invasion or infection of a host by microorganisms called pathogens

Internal bleeding

bleeding inside the body that may be caused by major trauma, occurs in chest, belly cavity, or muscles

Manual conveyance

the method used to transport an injured athlete with arms around back and under legs and a person on each side

Musculoskeletal assessment

assessments of strength, active and passive range of motion while evaluating for warmth, tenderness, or swelling of joints

Neurogenic shock

caused by general dilation of blood vessels within the cardiovascular system, irregular blood circulation

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, designed to examine workplace and create regulations protecting workers

Pandemic

a disease outbreak that infects a whole country or world

Pathogen

a specific causative agent (bacterium or virus) of disease

Pressure points

when direct pressure combined with elevation, fails to slow hemorrhage, areas of the body that may produce pain when touched

Primary survey

An evaluation used to determine the existence of life-threatening, emergent conditions or illnesses

Rapid form immobilizer

consist of styrofoam chips contained inside an airtight cloth sleeve that is pliable, stabilize fractures and dislocations

SAM splint

made with thin sheet of soft liable aluminum covered by padding, immobilize bone and soft tissue injuries

Secondary survey

evaluation when patient is stabilize to examine patient

Septic shock

shock caused by bacteria especially gram negative bacteria commonly seen in systemic infections, spreads trough multiple systems and affects organs

Sharps container

a designated container for sharp objects that is indicated by red or fluorescent orange

Shock

a critical condition that is brought on by a sudden drop in blood flow through the body, that can cause trauma, blood loss, allergic reaction, severe infection, etc

Sling

a device used to limit the motion of the shoulder or elbow, supports the arm

SOAP note

subjective, objective, assessment, plan
used by healthcare providers to write notes down on patient's file

Spine board

a rigid device used to stabilize on patients with presumed spinal or limb injuries prior to injury care

Swathe

a binding or wrap used to wrap something in several layers

Systolic pressure

the pressure caused by heart's pumping, pressure in arteries when heart beats

Venous bleeding

occurs when vein is torn or cut

Vital signs

Measurements of the body's most basic functions (body temp, blood pressure, height/weight, pulse rate, respiration rate)