Government ll test

How is the ideal of Federalism embedded into the Judicial System?

State and federal courts are seperate

What are the steps that a court case must go through in the federal court system?

district court, court of appeals/circut courts, supreme courts

What are the steps that a court case must go through in the state (Ohio) court system?

trial courts, court of appeals, ohio supreme court, US supreme court

What is the difference between Original and Appellate jurisdiction?

Municiple courts/Mayors Courts (General, Domestic, Juvinille, Probate) -> Origional Jurisdiction
4-12 judges in each court (12 districts -1 court of appeals in each)-->Appellate Jurisdiction

What are the differences between the federal and state court systems?

State= broad jurisdiction/state laws
Federal=narrow jurisdiction/Federal laws

How does one become a Federal Judge?

appointed by the president and confirmed by the senate

How does one become a state judge (in Ohio)?

Elected by people in state(6 year term)

How are the court of common pleas divided up (what are the 4 divisions)?

General, Domestic Relations, juvinille, probate

How does the Supreme Court decide if they take up a case or not?

4/9 justices must vote for it

What are the criteria the Supreme Court uses to decide if they should take a case or not?

National importance, lower court federal laws,resolves in split decision, oral hearings in front of jusrices

What are the three types of rulings that can come from the Supreme Court?

Majority, Minority Rulings, Conncurrent Rulings

Who is the current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

John Roberts

What are civil liberties?

protections against government

Where are civil liberties found in the US Constitution?

Bill of Rights

How did the 14th Amendment impact Civil Liberties?

Guarrentteed all Americans equal rights

What are the Free Expression and Free Exercise clauses?

Congress may not stop you from holding any religious beliefs you choose or having no religious beliefs at all.

How did US v New York Times influence Free Press?

Prior restraint: Government cencorship

How did Schenek v US and Miller v California influence Free Speech

Shenek v us = "clear and presant danger"
Miller v california = SOCTUS defined as "obscene"

What are the rights of the accused?

Miranda rights- speedy public trial, right to lawyer, right to impartial jury, right to know ur accusers and evedence against you

Mapp v Ohio

Evidence illegally gathered by the police may not be used in a criminal trial. Stenthened 4th Ammendment

Brandenburg v Ohio,

extended freedom of speech to new limits. Threats of a KKK leader were deemed ok b/c of a failure to prove a real danger from them. Declared that speech is protected unless proven that actions directly incited the action

Tinker v Des Moines

Students have the right to symbolic speech at school as long as it is not disruptive

Texas v Johnson

First Amendment/Freedom of Speech/symbolic speech - flag burning is protected speech

Gideon v Wainwright

A person who cannot afford an attorney may have one appointed by the government

How do Civil Rights differ from Civil Liberties?

Civil rights are requirements for government action, while civil liberties are restrictions on government power.

How has the 14th Amendment impacted Civil Rights?

Gaurnettees all americans equal protection under the law

How has the Supreme Court impacted African American Civil Rights? Civil Rights Cases

The Supreme Court's decision in the Civil Rights Cases eliminated the only federal law that prohibited racial discrimination by individuals or private businesses, and left African Americans who were victims of private discrimination to seek legal recourse in unsympathetic state courts.

How has the Supreme Court impacted African American Civil Rights? Plessy v Ferguson

Established the constitutioninality of racial segragation

How has the Supreme Court impacted African American Civil Rights?Brown v Board.

racial segragation in public schools was unconstitutional

How did the Civil Rights Movement use methods of Non-violence to enact change?

Sit ins and freedom rides

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do? How did it influence the Civil Rights Movement?

The Act prohibited discrimination in public accommodations and federally funded programs. It also strengthened the enforcement of voting rights and the desegregation of schools.

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 do?

It eliminated the literacy tests and poll taxes

What did the 19th Amendment do?

Gave women the right to vote

How have love and marriage been impacted by the Civil Rights Movement?

They have changed from when women assessorys to men.

What issues did the Women's Movement of the 1960s focus on?

Greater equality in education, the workplace, personal finance, reproductive rights, and conceptions of the role of a women

What did Title 9 do? The Equal Pay Act of 1963?

prohibits sex discrimination in any educational program or activity recieveing federal financal assistance