Unit 7: Ideas About Science (Biology B OCR GCSE)

Scientific Investigations

Careful data collection and analysis.

Stages

Hypothesis, predictions, experiments, conclusions.

Hypothesis

Possible explanation for an observation.

Prediction

Testable statement based on the hypothesis.

Variables

Independent, Dependent, Control.

Fair Test

Control variables must be kept constant.

Data Collection

Planning what data needs to be collected.

Sample Size

Large enough for valid conclusions, small enough to be manageable.

Risk Assessment

Identifying and reducing hazards and risks.

Processing Data

Collecting, presenting, and analyzing data.

Errors

Random, Systematic, Anomalous.

Presenting Data

Tables, Bar Charts, Graphs.

Statistics

Range, Mean, Experiment Improvements.

Drawing Conclusions

Data analysis, Correlation and Causation.

Modification of Scientific Theories

New evidence, Technological advances.

Peer Review

Scientific community checks new findings.

Models and Limitations

Representational, Descriptive, Mathematical.

Benefits and Risks

Improving quality of life, considering ethical implications.

Communicating Science

Scientists must communicate their work effectively.

Mnemonics

Using acronyms or phrases to remember concepts.