HIS 317L Jim Crow Laws Midterm Review

Leonard Moore History of Jim Crow Laws UT Austin Midterm review

What 7 things black people do after becoming free? (in order)

1. Get away from the plantations
2. Rebuilt their families
3. Changed their names
4. Purchased Property
5. Created Black Churches
6. Created Black Schools
7. Established Businesses

13th Amendment

Abolished Slavery

14th Amendment

Gave black people citizenship

15th Amendment

Gave black men the right to vote

Segregation 5 Part Process

1. Physical separation of races
2. Eliminated blacks w/ violence
3. Made it hard for blacks to live
4. Took away the right to vote
5. Manipulated criminal justice system

Jim Crow Justice System 7 Step Process

1. Arrest a black person
2. Take accused away
3. Take them to trial
4. Quick trial
5. Conviction
6. Sentencing
7. Lynching

Why did white people limit black education? (3 reasons)

1. Limit black political ambitions
2. Keep Large source of cheap labor
3. Discourage black independence

Why was lynching celebrated?

So white people could maintain control politically and economically

School Segregation Ended: List 4 main results

1. Black schools closed
2. Black faculty lost their jobs
3. Blacks have no desire to be teachers
4. Black children will be taught by people who don’t know them

What 6 things did black parents request from white school officials?

1. Modern school architecture
2. Bus transportation
3. Raise for black bus drivers
4. School term increased to 9 months
5. Better teachers for black schools
6. Do away with all school inequalities based on race

What is the relationship between black people and healthcare?

Black people have always been used as lab rats. No trust towards healthcare system

Why was the National Medical Association created? (6 reasons)

1. Give black physicians a voice
2. Form a network for research purposes
3. create a network for black physicians
4. Create healthy living conditions for black people
5. Publish medical journals to have accessible healthcare
6. Create local medical societies to meet and discuss black healthcare

How did black women affect the healthcare system? (3 main effects)

1. Led fundraising campaigns for black hospitals
2. Donated themselves
3. Ran nurse and hospital training programs

Tuskegee's Veterans Hospital

Place for black veterans to get help, employ black nurses and doctors, modern facility

7 Reasons Whites Were Against The Tuskegee Veterans Hospital

1. Wanted no tax money to go to black people
2. Concerned for white women’s safety
3. Wanted to control the hospital
4. Complained too many smart black people
5. White people wanted the jobs
6. White physicians wanted to use blacks as research subjects
7. Whites wanted white doctors who were rejected everywhere else to work there

What is an “Uppity” Black Person?

Black person who was seen as clean, smart, dressed well.

What was the Tuskegee Experiment?

A syphilis research experiment in 1932 on black men who were low income. There was no consent. The men were used as test subjects to reveal the long term effects of syphilis and to study its treatments.

What was the goal of the criminal justice system during Jim Crow?

Not to send blacks to jail, but to use them for Convict Leasing

What is Convict Leasing?

When black people would “break” the law, the convicts would be leased out to landowners and work as slaves

Why was Convict Leasing successful? (4 reasons)

1. The state doesn’t have to pay to build prisons
2. The state didn’t have to staff the prisons
3. Blacks were put in their “rightful” place
4. Black people were working for free

What 3 main kind of work would convicts do when leased?

1. Work in agriculture
2. Work on railroads
3. Work on building buildings and bridges

What were Restrictive Covenants?

They were deeds attached to properties to prevent black people from buying land/houses

What were White Caps?

People designed to run black business owners out of town

What were the 2 main viewpoints of the North and South regarding black education?

* Blacks should receive a liberal arts degree with classical education (North)
* Blacks should receive industrial degrees (South)