Acids Bases and Salts

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25 Terms

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Amphoteric oxides

: those that react with both an acid and an alkali to give a salt and water.

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Solution

is heated in an evaporating dish to form soluble salt crystals.

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Substances

that change colour when added to an acid /alkali are called indicators.

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Phenolphthalein

is added to an alkali (soluble base)

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oxides

Are the and hydroxides of metals.

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Excess insoluble compound

(metal /base /carbonate) reacts with acid whilst being heated.

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soluble salt

Heat in evaporating dish to form crystals.

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Acid

Proton Donors/ Dissociate into H+ ions

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Alkalis

(are bases that dissolve in water)

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· Give solutions that contain OH

ions

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The scale

pH scale

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It runs from 1

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Acidic oxides

Non-metal oxides that dissolve in water and form an acidic solution

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Basic oxides

Metal oxides that dissolve in water and form basic solution

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Neutral oxides

Oxides with a pH of 7

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Amphoteric oxides

those that react with both an acid and an alkali to give a salt and water

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Method A

Neutralization

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Method B

Titration

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Method C

Precipitation

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Note

one soluble salt should always be a potassium or sodium solution (eg

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Acid + Alkali

Acid + Alkali -> Salt + Water

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Acid + Metal

Acid + Metal -> Salt + Hydrogen

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Acid + metal carbonate

Acid + metal carbonate -> salt + carbon dioxide + water

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Alkali + ammonium salt

Alkali + ammonium salt-> salt + ammonia + water

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Result for Aluminum ions in NaOH

White soluble precipitate, turns colorless in excess

White precipitate, insoluble in excess