KINE240: Ch. 8, Blood and Lymphatic Systems (copy)

erythrocyte

red blood cell

leukocyte

white blood cells

lymph/o

lymph

thrombocytes

platelets (clotting agent; cell fragments)

immuno/o

immune system

coagul/o

coagulation (blood gels)

anticoagulant

agent that prevents coagulation

thromb/o

clot, platelets

thrombosis

condition of clotting

lymphoma

tumor of the lymphatic system

myel/o

bone marrow, spinal cord

myelitis

inflammation of the bone marrow

myelodysplasia

disease that causes a poor production of blood cells in the bone marrow

\-emia

blood

anemia

low number of red blood cells (causes fatigue and weakness)

lymphatic system

returns fluid to veins, increases blood volume, fights infection

bone marrow

primary site of hematopoiesis; composed of hematopoietic cells, marrow adipose tissue, and supportive stromal cells (primarily located in the ribs, vertebrae, sternum, and bones of the pelvis)

hematopoiesis

new red blood cell production

hem/o

blood

hemat/o

blood

cyt/o

cell

leuk/o

white

hemolysis

rupture of red blood cells

hematology

study of blood

thrombocytosis

increase in the number of platelets

leukemia

increase in the number of white blood cells; a blood cancer of blood-forming tissues, mostly the white blood cells, hindering the body's ability to fight infection

phleb/o

vein

ven/o

vein

phlebotomy

incision into a vein

phlebotomist

person who draws blood

venospasm

constriction of a vein

lymphocytes

white blood cells that recognize and destroy disease-causing organisms, produced in the lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow

tonsill/o

tonsils (lymph organ)

tonsillectomy

removal of the tonsils

splen/o

spleen (blood filter)

splenectomy

removal of the spleen

thym/o

thymus, site of T cell maturation

thymoma

tumor of the thymus

thymectomy

removal of the thymus

immun/o

immune system

immunoglobulin

protein that participates in immune function; attach to foreign substances, such as bacteria, and assist in destroying them

globulin

sphere

\-penia

deficiency

cytopenia

deficiency of cells

low platelets

more bruising, platelets are for clotting​ (a bruise is caused by localized bleeding under the skin; without platelets, the amount of blood will be greater)

Ig

immunoglobulin

swollen lymph nodes

when an infection occurs, the WBC will replicate in the lymph nodes to eliminate the challenge, causing them to swel

edema

collection of fluid

swelling in extremities

insufficient removal of extracellular fluid in the lymph system

hemophilia

blood does not clot

hemorrhage

excessive blood clots

\-rrhage

burst forth

ecchymosis

large bruise

petechia

small bruise

lymphadenopathy

disease of the lymph node/gland

lymphedema

swelling of the lymph nodes, caused by an accumulation of lymph (typically in the extremities)

splenalgia

pain in the spleen

splenodynia

pain in the spleen

\-cytosis

too many cells

microcytosis

condition of small red blood cells

RBCs

red blood cells

macrocytosis

condition of large red blood cells

spherocyte

spherically-shaped cells

ellipocyte

ellipse/oval-shaped cell

sickle cell

crescent-shaped cell

lymphangiogram

record of the lymph vessels, used to visualize and assess the lymphatic vessels related to diagnosis of lymphomas

angio

vessel

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma

cancer that originates in your lymphatic system; tumors develop from lymphocytes

erythrocytosis

too many erythrocytes

oligocythemia

too few erythrocytes

normocyte

normally-sized red blood cell

anisocytosis

great inequality in size of red blood cells

iso

equal

macrocytosis

large red blood cells

microcytosis

small red blood cells

embolus

mass of matter in blood (from Greek for stopper)

embolism

blockage of blood vessel by a traveling embolus​

thromboembolism

clot that travels elsewhere in the body

thrombo-

clot

embol

embolus

thrombogenic

capable of creating a clot

thrombosis

condition of having a clot

leukocytosis

condition of too many white blood cells

WBCs

white blood cells

leukopenia

condition of too few white blood cells

neutropenia

condition of too few neutrophils

neutrophil

“first responders” of immune cell population, most numerous type of white blood cell in the body

myelopoiesis

formation of red bone marrow

hematopoiesis

formation of blood cells

hemolysis

destruction of red blood cells

reticulocyte

immature red blood cell

reticulo-

net (comes from the net-like appearance of the cells)

thrombocytopenia

too few platelets

thrombocytosis

too many platelets

pancytopenia

reduction in blood cells (all cellular components)

polycythemia

increased number of red blood cells

hepato-

liver

hepatosplenomegaly

enlarged spleen and liver

splenectopy

displaced spleen

splenoptosis

drooping spleen