(A) pathogens that cause communicable dieases

How is bacteria classified

Basic shape

• bacilli (rod shaped)

• Cocci (spherical shape)

• Vibrios (comma shaped)

• Spirilla

• Spirochaetes

Cell wall

• gram + (purple blue when stained)

• Gram - ( red when gram stained)

What is bigger bacteria or virus?

BACTERIA IS BIGGGER

Virus is 50x smaller than bacteria

What are the viruses that affect bacteria called?

BACTERIOPHAGES

They take over and use them to replicate Whilst also killing bacteria

Is Protista single called or not?

It is single called and can also be cells colonies

What is the Protista that act as pathogens like? And how do they infect the body

Only small percentage act as pathogens

The ones that do are parasitic and use host or through polluted water

What is fungi an example of

/

Eukaryotic and multicellular

What are the human diseases that are cause by fungi called?

Thrush

What is it a saprophyte and what type of pathogen does it o under?

It feeds of dead matter and it goes under fungi

What are the steps for virus to burst cell

1) attachment of viral nuclei acid onto host

2) inserts itself

3) replicates viral nucleic acid

4) synthesises into viral proteins

5) assemble into virus

6) burst out of cell

What do Protista do in terms of line of attack

Take over the cell and break it open but they dont take over genetic material

what are the type of toxins bacteria produces

Damage cell membrane

Inactivate enzymes

Digest genetic material so cells cant divide

What other pathogen can also produce toxins

Fungi

Does TMV have a cure? What does TMV affect? What is the effect of TMV?

No cure but there is restart crop strains

It affects fruit and flowers and leaves

It dies off all crop yield

What is potato blight caused by? What does it cause and how does it work? Is it curable?

Fungal Protista

Penetrates into host cells

Affects fruit/ leaves

Resistant strains and carful management and chemicals to reduce infection (curable)

What causes black Sigatoka