Stanley Test

SNCC

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee; grassroots civil rights group known for sit-ins and freedom rides.

CORE

Congress of Racial Equality; early civil rights organization advocating nonviolent protest.

SCLC

Southern Christian Leadership Conference; founded by MLK Jr. to coordinate civil rights activities.

Black Panthers

Militant group advocating Black Power and community self-defense.

Civil Rights Act of 1957

First civil rights legislation since Reconstruction; aimed to protect voting rights.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Outlawed segregation and discrimination in public places and employment.

Brown v. Board of Ed

1954 Supreme Court case declaring segregation in public schools unconstitutional.

24th Amendment

Prohibited poll taxes in federal elections.

Freedom Rides

Civil rights activists who rode buses into segregated Southern states to challenge segregation laws.

Heart of Atlanta Hotel v. U.S.

1964 Supreme Court case that upheld the Civil Rights Act of 1964 using the Commerce Clause.

Stokely Carmichael

Civil rights activist known for promoting 'Black Power.'

Martin Luther King Jr.

Leader of the civil rights movement; known for nonviolent resistance and 'I Have a Dream' speech.

Jackie Robinson

First African American to play Major League Baseball.

Malcolm X

Black Muslim leader who promoted Black nationalism and self-defense.

Rosa Parks

Sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott by refusing to give up her seat.

March on Washington

1963 rally for civil rights where MLK Jr. delivered his famous speech.

Little Rock, Arkansas

Site where federal troops enforced school desegregation in 1957.

James Meredith

First African American to attend the University of Mississippi.

Emmett Till

14-year-old murdered in Mississippi in 1955, igniting national civil rights outrage.

Medger Evers

NAACP leader assassinated in 1963.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

MLK’s defense of nonviolent protest, written while imprisoned.

Levittown

Suburban housing developments symbolizing post-WWII growth and white flight.

New Frontier

JFK’s domestic program focused on education, civil rights, and space exploration.

John F. Kennedy

35th president; led during the Cold War and Civil Rights Movement.

Great Society

Lyndon Johnson’s programs to eliminate poverty and racial injustice.

Peace Corps

Volunteer program created by JFK to aid developing nations.

Weather Underground

Radical left-wing group that used violent protest during the Vietnam War era.

SDS

Students for a Democratic Society; key organization in the New Left movement.

Affirmative Action

Policies to increase educational and employment opportunities for minorities and women.

War Powers Act

1973 law limiting the president’s ability to deploy troops without Congressional approval.

Baby Boom

Post-WWII population explosion in the U.S.

Richard Nixon

37th president; resigned due to the Watergate scandal.

Watergate

Scandal involving a break-in at Democratic headquarters; led to Nixon’s resignation.

Pentagon Papers

Leaked documents revealing government deception in Vietnam War policies.

Barry Goldwater

Conservative senator and 1964 Republican presidential nominee.

Woodstock Music Festival

1969 counterculture music festival symbolizing the hippie movement.

Neil Armstrong

First man to walk on the moon in 1969.

Earl Warren

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; expanded civil liberties in landmark cases.

George Wallace

Segregationist governor of Alabama; opposed civil rights.

Spiro Agnew

Nixon’s vice president who resigned due to corruption charges.

Lyndon Johnson

36th president; signed Civil Rights Act and launched Great Society.

Interstate Highway Act

1956 law funding construction of a national highway system; boosted suburban growth.