a

hard

Dermis

Middle skin layer under the epidermis.

Dermal papillae

Bumpy layer between dermis & epidermis that gives fingerprints.

Papillary layer

Loose tissue in the dermis that has capillaries and sensory touch receptors.

Reticular layer

Thick collagen fibers in the dermis that create lines of cleavage/tension.

Blood flow in dermis

More blood results in red skin; less blood leads to pale/cold skin or bed sores.

Hypodermis

Subcutaneous layer made of fat and loose connective tissue, connecting skin to muscle/bone.

Hair

Made of hard keratin; includes shaft, follicle, and bulb.

Hair bulb

Where hair cells divide, fill with keratin and pigment, then die and are pushed out.

Arrector pili muscle

Muscle that makes hair stand up, causing goosebumps.

Melanin

Pigment that determines hair color.

Nails

Made of hard keratin; help protect and grab things.

Nail matrix

Makes keratin cells that form the nail body.

Lunula

White half-moon area at the base of the nail.

Eponychium

Cuticle that seals around the matrix for protection.

Sudoriferous glands

Sweat glands that include eccrine and apocrine types.

Eccrine glands

Sweat glands located all over the body, producing sweat that is 99% water.

Apocrine glands

Sweat glands found in armpits and genitals, producing sweat that contains fats and proteins.

Sebaceous glands

Oil glands connected to hair follicles that produce sebum.

Sebum

Oil produced by sebaceous glands that keeps skin soft and kills bacteria.