Key Apush Terms

Navigation Acts

Controls colonial trade to ensure that all trade flows through the British.

Salutary Neglect

The British policy of allowing colonies self-government as long as taxes are paid, fostering an independent identity.

Mercantilism

Economic policy aimed at accumulating wealth to create a favorable balance of trade, where colonies exist to benefit the mother country.

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Ended the French & Indian War, removing French control in North America, leading to increased British taxation.

Proclamation of 1763

British law preventing colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains to reduce conflicts with Native Americans.

Stamp Act (1765)

Direct tax on printed materials in the colonies, leading to organized resistance by colonists.

Quartering Act (1765)

Law requiring colonists to house British troops, increasing tensions.

Treaty of Paris (1783)

Ended the Revolutionary War, guaranteeing American independence and expanding borders.

Northwest Ordinance (1787)

Established the process for the settlement of new territories and barred slavery in the territories.

Neutrality Proclamation (1794)

Policy stating the US would not intervene in the French Revolution.

Jay's Treaty (1794)

Agreement with Britain to remove troops from American territory and normalize borders, criticized by opponents.

Alien & Sedition Acts (1798)

Increased the time required for immigrants to gain citizenship and restricted criticism of the government.

Embargo Act (1807)

Restricted international trade to avoid conflict, harming the US economy.

Non-Intercourse Act (1809)

Reopened trade except with Britain and France to improve the economy.

Macon's Bill #2 (1810)

Opened trade with either England or France based on which would respect American shipping first.

American System (1816)

Henry Clay's plan to improve the American economy through tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements.

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Balanced the number of slave and free states by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

US policy to resist European intervention in Latin America.

Tariff of 1828

Increased tariffs on imports that adversely affected the Southern economy.

Indian Removal Act (1830)

Law facilitating the relocation of Native Americans from the Southeast to west of the Mississippi River.

Bank Veto (1832)

Andrew Jackson's decision to veto the recharter of the National Bank, limited centralized banking.

Force Bill (1833)

Allowed federal forces to collect tariffs in states attempting to nullify federal law.

Specie Circular (1836)

Require federal land sales to be paid for in gold or silver to curb speculation.

Gag Rule (1836)

Prevented discussion of anti-slavery petitions in Congress.

Compromise of 1850

Admitted California as a free state, included a stronger Fugitive Slave Act, and addressed territorial issues.

Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

Introduced popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska, leading to conflict.

Homestead Act (1862)

Granted free land to settlers who would farm it for five years.

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

Declared freedom for all slaves in rebel-held territory.

13th Amendment (1865)

Abolished slavery in the United States.

14th Amendment (1868)

Guarantees equal protection and citizenship for all born in the US.

15th Amendment (1870)

Prohibits voting discrimination based on race.

Compromise of 1877

Settled the disputed 1876 election, ending Reconstruction.

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

Banned Chinese labor immigration.

Interstate Commerce Act (1887)

Established the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroads.

Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)

Sought to eliminate monopolies and promote competition.

Teller Amendment (1898)

Assured that the US would not annex Cuba.

Platt Amendment (1901)

Limited Cuba's sovereignty and established US naval bases.

Pure Food & Drug Act (1906)

Regulated food and medication safety standards.

Hepburn Act (1906)

Strengthened regulation of railroads by the Interstate Commerce Commission.

16th Amendment (1913)

Authorized federal income tax.

Federal Reserve Act (1913)

Created a central banking system to stabilize the economy.

Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)

Strengthened antitrust laws and protected labor unions.

18th Amendment (1919)

Prohibited the production and sale of alcohol.

19th Amendment (1920)

Granted women the right to vote.

Emergency Quota Act (1921)

Limited immigration based on a national quota.

Great Society

Series of domestic programs launched by Lyndon Johnson to eliminate poverty and racial injustice.

Truman Doctrine (1947)

Promised US support for countries resisting communism.

Marshall Plan (1948)

Provided aid to rebuild European economies after WWII.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Nixon Doctrine (1969)

Promised US support for allies without sending troops.

Paris Peace Accords (1973)

Ended US involvement in Vietnam.

Economic Recovery Tax Act (1981)

Reduced tax rates for individuals and businesses.

Reagan Doctrine (1985)

US military support for anti-communist movements globally.

Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I) (1991)

Agreed to reduce nuclear weapons between US and USSR.

Contract with America (1994)

Series of conservative reforms proposed by Republicans.

Affordable Care Act (2010)

Expanded healthcare coverage and access in the US.