Human growth and development test 1

What is development?

The process of change and continuity across the lifespan.

Which is NOT one of the three domains of development?

Economic.

Biological development focuses on:

Physical changes in the body and brain.

Learning to walk is an example of:

Biological development.

Cognitive development involves:

Changes in thinking, learning, and memory.

Abstract thinking becomes especially important during:

Adolescence.

Attachment to caregivers is part of:

Psychosocial development.

The nature-nurture issue examines:

Genetics versus environment.

A child inheriting musical talent is an example of:

Nature.

Jean Piaget's theory supports:

Discontinuity.

Which developmental issue asks whether development is universal or culture-specific?

Universality-Context Specific.

What is the first step of the scientific method?

Observation.

A testable prediction is called a:

Hypothesis.

A theory is:

An organized explanation of behavior or development.

A smaller group selected from a population is called a:

Sample.

Random sampling helps:

Ensure equal chances of selection.

Interviews and surveys are examples of:

Verbal reports.

Watching children on a playground is:

Naturalistic observation.

Measuring brain activity with an EEG is:

Physiological measurement.

An in-depth study of one individual is a:

Case study.

Which research method can establish cause and effect?

Experimental.

In an experiment, the manipulated variable is the:

Independent Variable.

Correlation does NOT show:

Causation.

A correlation of -0.80 is:

Strong negative correlation.

Which design follows the same participants over time?

Longitudinal.

Which design compares different age groups at one time?

Cross-sectional.

According to evolutionary theory, development is shaped by:

Natural selection.

Who proposed psychosocial stages?

Erikson.

Learning through observation and imitation is:

Social Learning Theory.

Who proposed the cognitive-developmental theory?

Piaget.

The microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory includes:

Family and school.

Heritability refers to:

Genetic variation explaining differences in a population.

Identical twins share:

100% of genes.

Adoption studies help separate:

Genes and environment.

Shared environmental experiences make siblings:

More similar.

Which process produces gametes?

Meiosis.

Mitosis produces:

Two identical cells.

Which chromosome combination produces a male?

XY.

Passive gene-environment correlation occurs when:

Parents provide both genes and environments.

Epigenetics involves:

Changes in gene expression without changing DNA.

A genotype refers to:

Genetic makeup.

Observable characteristics are called:

Phenotypes.

Red-green color blindness is an example of:

Sex-linked inheritance.

Fetal programming refers to:

How prenatal experiences influence development.

Chronic maternal stress increases levels of:

Cortisol.

Which prenatal stage lasts from conception to implantation?

Germinal Period.

During which prenatal period are major organs first formed?

Embryonic.

The Apgar test is given:

At birth.

Which teratogen causes Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?

Alcohol.

What Apgar score generally indicates a healthy newborn?

7–10.