phyphar ( Term 2)

For pure water, 0.51 degree celsius/m

What is the ebullioscopic constant?

1

i for nonelectrolyte

1.8

i for 2-ion electrolytes

2.6

i for 3-ion electrolytes

3.4

i for 4-ion electrolytes

Nonelectrolytes

TOS sucrose

Nonelectrolytes

TOS Glucose

Nonelectrolytes

TOS Urea

2-ion electro.

TOS NaCl, HCL

3-ion el.

TOS MgCl2, CaCl2

3-ion el.

FeAl3, AlCl3

5.12

Kf of Benzene

40

Kf of Camphor

30

Kf of Carbon tetrachloride

1.79

Kf of Ethyl ether

1.86

Kf of water

Nonelectrolytes (1.9)

Sucrose, Urea, Glycerin

Weak electrolytes (2)

Boric acid, Phenobarbital, Cocaine

Divalent-divalent (2)

CaSO4, MgSO4, ZnSO4

Univalent-univalent (3.4)

NaCl,KCl, Ephedrine

Univalent-divalent(4.3)

Na2SO4, At2SO4

Divalent-univalent(4.8)

ZnCl2, CaBr2

Monovalent-Trivalent

Nacitrate, Kcitrate

5-9

Boric acid and monohydrated sodium carbonate

6-8

Sodium phosphate

pH 7-9

Boric acid, sodium borate and q.s. Sodium chloride

1.2-2.2

HCl-KCl

2.2-4.0

HCl-KHP

4.2-5.8

NaOH-KHP

5.8-8.0

NaOH-K biphthalate

8.0-10.0

Boric acid, NaOH, KCl

7.4

Normal pH in blood

Hemoglobin

Highest buffering capacity, protein buffer

Bicarbonate

Most important extracellular buffer

Phosphate Buffered saline

H2PO4/HPO4, most important intracellular fluid

6.6 -7.4

Normal buffer capacity of blood