APUSH - Term Quiz 1

Pueblo Revolt

Native American revolt against the Spanish in New Mexico, caused by Spanish priests and government repressing Native practices inconsistent with Christianity, along with forced labor

Maize cultivation

farming of maize led to the creation and development of society in the (southwestern) US, transformed North American settlement patterns from nomadic to permanent

Columbian Exchange

exchange of goods, ideas, and diseases between Europe, America, and Africa

matrilineality

property inherited through the mother’s side

Conquistadors

Spanish explorers looking for silver and gold, brang diseases and traded with Native Americans

Puritans

wanted to purify the Church of England, but not break away, believed in predestination, left England to escape religious persecution, lived the “New England Way”

Salem Witch Trials

1692, mass hysteria incident in Massachusetts, took over 20 lives, filled prisons with innocent people, frayed souls of a Massachusetts community

Mayflower Compact

1620, document signed by settlers of Plymouth that established a self governing colony, goes by majority rules

Toleration Act of 1649

Maryland assembly passed this law that granted a degree of religious freedom to different groups, especially Catholics

House of Burgesses

Virginia legislature formed in 1649, first example of self-government in American colonies, elected representative government

Middle Passage

horrible voyage that bought most enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies, part of the Triangular Trade

Holy Experiment

William Penn’s idea that people of different nationalities and religious beliefs could live together peacefully in the Pennsylvania colony, led to toleration of religious groups

First Great Awakening

1730-1740s, series of religious revivals that spread through the United States beginning in the early 18th century as a reaction to enlightenment ideals, attracted women, African Americans, and Native Americans, belief that everyone can develop a new relationship with God

royal colony

a colony ruled by a government official appointed by the King

proprietary colony

colony with full governing rights for settlers

New England Way

cooperation between church and state (theocracy) was the basis for Puritan commonwealth, everyone is expected to follow this

Bacon's Rebellion

1676, colonial revolt led by Virginians angry over high taxes, low tobacco prices, and resentment against the higher class colonists, leads to less indentured servants and more forms of slavery implemented in colonies

mercantalism

economic system in which a nation’s power is tied to its stock of precious metals, regulation of economic activities in the colonies is controlled by the mother country, colonies exists for the benefit and wealth of the mother country

Navigation Acts

series of English laws requiring English goods destined for the colonies is to be routed through England and colonial products could only be carried on English ships, begins resentment of colonists towards English

balance of trade

the best way for a nation to obtain wealth is to export more than it imports and retain more wealth in the process

Glorious Revolution

revolt in England where King James II is overthrown and his daughter Mary and son William are appointed to the throne, leads to colonists in America being allowed to remove hated officials and have more representation