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Alcohol Blackouts

Alcohol Blackouts

Memory loss associated with alcohol

Naltrexone

Binds endorphin receptors to block the effects of alcohol

Disulferam

Causes unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed, such as vomiting and nausea

Acamprosate

Maintains abstinence by restoring the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition

BAC

Blood Alcohol Concentration

Recovered

Cessation of heavy drinking and remission from AUD, NOT the same as cured

Smoking Alcohol

Heating alcohol and inhaling the vapors. Causes rapid and intense "high".

Tolerance

Tolerance to alcohol's effects. Requires drinking more to get the same "high"

Recovered vs. Cured

Alcoholics can recover, but cannot be cured. Relapses can occur.

Effects of Alcohol on Kidneys

Reduction in blood filtration rate, causing dehydration due to electrolyte deficiency.

Blood-breathe ratio

2100:1 Blood:Alcohol normally, this ratio is used by breathalyzer to calculate BAC

Alcoholic Myopathy

Loss of muscle and cell function due to alcohol

Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy

Damage to heart muscles due to alcohol

Alcoholics Anonymous

Support group for AUD

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Earliest stage of alcohol related liver disease, leads to cirrhosis

Detoxification

Stopping consumption of alcohol, cleansing it from your body

Cirrhosis

Scarring(fibrosis) caused by alcohol. Makes it more difficult for liver to function

Wet Brain (Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency, causes confusion, loss of muscle control, abnormal eye movement, cannot be cured

Delirium Tremens

Rapid onset of confusion due to alcohol withdrawal

Hallucinations

Hearing , seeing, or touching things that aren't there

-itis

inflammation

AUD (Alcohol Use Disorder)

Addiction to alcohol

1 Drink - Beer

12 oz

1 Drink - Wine

5 oz

1 Drink - Distilled Spirits

1.5 oz

Functioning Alcoholic

Those who can still participate in most regular activities without exhibiting all the effects of AUD.

Stomach Sphincter

Wider when you have an empty stomach. Drinking on an empty stomach causes faster absorption of alcohol.

How many drinks puts you over 0.08 BAC?

Male: 4-5 Female: 3-4

Who has higher body fat percentage?

Women

Effect of Alcohol on Inhibitions

Significantly lowers these barriers, leading to risky behavior.

Breathalyzer

Measures the BAC in a person's blood

Vaportini

Glass instrument used to heat up alcohol to be inhaled

Drunk Walking

Lack of posture, composure, standards when walking, reduced likelihood to use crosswalks and traffic lights

1st in accidental deaths

Car Accidents (50% alcohol related)

2nd in accidental deaths

Falls

3rd in accidental deaths

Drowning

4th in accidental deaths

Burning

FASD (Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder)

Physical and mental impairment due to alcohol consumption during pregnancy

1st in preventable deaths

Smoking

2nd in preventable deaths

Obesity

3rd in preventable deaths

Alcohol

Barriers to treatment

Fear, distractions, severe symptoms

Effective treatment

Acknowledgement (willingness to be treated), detoxification (cleansing alcohol from body), rehabilitation (return to normal life)

Role of Sulfuric Acid in Breathalyzer

Moves alcohol from air to liquid to measure BAC

Ethanol

Active ingredient in alcohol

Number of people with some form of alcoholism

30 million

Number of teens with some form of alcoholism

13 million

Volatility

Tendency to evaporate. Alcohol has much higher volatility than water.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs within the lungs

How can alcohol be absorbed?

Absorbed through mucosal cavity, stomach, small intestine

Alcohol Amnestic Syndrome (Korsakoff Syndrome)

Caused by the deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine), reversible