DECOLONIZATION OF THE MIDDLE EAST

Zionism

Jewish nationalist movement with the goal of creating a Jewish national state in Palestine by THEODORE HERZL with as few Arabs as possible

Balfour declaration

A British statement of support for the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine. Promise not to harm the civil and religious rights of non-Jewish communities played a role in political landscape

Antisemitism

Hatred of Jews in Europe during World War II, led many Jews to live in Palestine during the war

Creation of Israel

United Nations partition Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state this is formed in Palestine as a Jewish state

War of independence

Arab-Israeli conflict that happened right after Israel became a country. Israel wins Arabs become refugees

Battle for the Suez Canal

Israel and Egypt fight over the Suez Canal a major trade route

Six day war

Israel invaded Sinai Peninsula and East Jerusalem. THREE NO’S Created by the Arab nations

1 no recognition of Israel

2 no negotiations with Israel

3 no peace with Israel

Palestine Liberation Organization

Goal was to destroy Israel and win self rule for the Palestinians. Used terrorist tactics and warfare

intifada

Uprising widespread acts of civil disobedience frustration with the lack of progress for attaining Palestine.

Camp David accords

An attempt at peace. Known for land for peace Egypt recognizes Israel’s right to exist, Returned Peninsula back to Egypt

Osio peace accords

Israel and PLO Gave Palestinians in Gaza limited self rule. Peace attempt

Iranian revolution

Response to dissatisfaction with shah rule

Causes of the Iranian revolution

Discontent, Political repression, Economic Issues, And religious influence, specifically Islamic

Effects of the Iranian revolution

New government theocracy, Western influences removed, Broke ties with the United States, inspired other movements in the region

Saddam hussein

Iraq is home to the sunni and shiite Arab-muslim and Kurds. He was a brutal dictator in Iraq

Iran and Iraq war

Iraq sees control of a disputed border area, War broke out attacking oil tankers.

Persian Gulf war

Iraq invades Kuwait and seize its oil fields. US And allies invade. Iraq loses

Isis

Terrorist organization that controls Iraq.

Opec

Goal to control the oil industry, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela formed this organization Of petroleum exporting.

Democracy

A type of political state in which the people choose the government usually through elective representatives