APUSH Unit 2

what was the first british settlement?

roanoke

what joint-stock company was founded to create possible settlements in north america?

the virginia company

what was the first permanent english colony?

jamestown

which tribe was the largest on the atlantic coast of the chesapeake region?

powhatan

what was the most important cash crop of the colonies?

tobacco

who reinvented tobacco to make it sweeter?

John Rolfe

who popularized tobacco in england?

Sir Walter Raleigh

what was the outcome of increased tobacco demnd?

tired soil, expansion on native land, increased demand for slave labor and indentured servants

when did the first slaves from africa arrive in the conolies?

1619

who was the dominant labor force in virginia?

slaves

what was the reason for bacon’s rebellion?

farmers wanted the land they were promised by the Crown

what was the result of bacon’s rebellion?

labor shortages'; increased demand for slave labor

what started the triangle trade?

an increase in mercantilism and revolts in the colonies

what were the navigational acts?

british imposed laws that required that good go through the motherland and the colonies cannot manufacture goods

what is salutary neglect?

england’s attempts to control the colonies were lost because of the distance

what was a result of salutary neglect?

the colonies practiced a form of early self governance

which group settled in Pennsylvania?

quakers

which group settled in plymouth?

separatist puritans

what was the enlightenment?

european intellectual movement

what was the focus of the enlightenment?

science and rational thinking

what was the main belief of people during the enlightenment?

emotions do not lead to the discovery of knowledge

who were the contributors to the american enlightenment?

thomas jefferson, benjamin franklin, and thomas paine

what religion followed the enlightenment?

deism

what was the mentality behind deism?

nature implies the existence of god

what was the basis of deism?

reason, evidence, and empiricism

what was the great awakening?

a strong religious revival

what was the focus of the great awakening?

emotional religion and targeting an audience through persuasion

what was a result of the great awakening?

divisions among people and new distinctly american denominations like baptist and methodist

which people believed in a traditional, established religion?

old lights

which people believed in the emotional religion of the great awakening?

new lights

who was anne hutchinson?

female religious dissenter whose ideas provoked controversy and religious conflict in the colonies

who was roger williams?

a man who challenged puritan ideas and established rhode island

what was the main characteristic of rhode island?

it promoted religious tolerance

who was william penn?

established pennsylvania; was persecuted for being a quaker in puritan society

who stirred the great awakening?

jonathan edwards

what formed as a result of native american threats to the colonies?

the new england confederation

what was the significance of the virginia slave laws?

they introduced the idea of generational slavery and legalized the idea of slaves as property

what is specific historical difference in North America between the First Great Awakening and the Enlightenment?

their purpose. the first great awakening appealed to emotions and revolved around emotional religion. the enlightenment revolved around rational thought and science, which contributed to both the ideas of natural law and Common Sense

what is ONE specific historical similarity in North America between the First Great Awakening and the Enlightenment

how people learned to question what they knew; the great awakening made religious followers question their authorities (preachers/priests) and their dry sermons. the enlightenment allowed people to question the world around them and traditional authority

what is ONE specific historical effect in North America of the First Great Awakening?

divisions among people; the formation of baptist and methodist churches in the south and the prominence of evangelical protestantism

what is ONE specific historical effect in North America of the Enlightenment?

the american revolution; the ability to think freely led colonists to question the british authority after years of generational self-governance

what is one difference between the economy of British North American colonies in the Chesapeake region (such as Virginia & Maryland) and the economy of the middle colonies (such as Pennsylvania & New York)?

the basis of the economy; the chesapeake region thrived on cash crops like tobacco since that was the site of its popularization and recultivation. the new england colonies were colder with less fertile soil so the economy was based on domestic trade and exported goods.

what is one similarity between the economy of the Chesapeake region and the economy of the middle colonies?

the importance of trade; both regions were involved in the triangular trade and the mercantilist system with europe

what is one reason for a difference between the economy of the Chesapeake region and the economy of the middle colonies?

the use of labor; crops in the chesapeake region were more labor intensive so the demand for free labor increase and more goods could be developed. the new england colonies were less agricultural based so they required a different labor system that was less intensive