Vocab review

Bereavement

(sự mất người thân) The state of having lost a relative or close friend because they have died. The company offers two weeks of paid bereavement leave to all employees.

Bereave

(cướp đi/làm cho mất người thân) To deprive someone of a close loved one through death. The war continues to bereave many families of their sons and daughters.

Bereft of + hope/meaning/comfort/resources

(thiếu vắng/mất đi) Completely lacking something. After the business failed, he felt utterly bereft of hope for the future.

Silent witness to something

(nhân chứng thầm lặng) A person or thing that sees an event but does not speak or act. These ancient castle walls have been a silent witness to centuries of history.

Catapult to celebrity status

(vụt sáng thành sao) To suddenly and quickly move someone into a position of fame. Her leading role in the blockbuster movie catapulted her to celebrity status overnight.

Capillary

(mao mạch) Any of the smallest blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules. Oxygen and nutrients are exchanged between the blood and tissues through the capillary walls.

Human circulatory system

(hệ tuần hoàn của con người) The system that circulates blood and lymph through the body. The human circulatory system is responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen to every cell.

Arterioles

(tiểu động mạch) Small branches of an artery leading into capillaries. The arterioles play a key role in regulating blood pressure throughout the body.

Venules

(tiểu tĩnh mạch) Very small veins, especially ones collecting blood from the capillaries. Blood flows from the capillaries into the venules before returning to the heart.

Capillarity

(hiện tượng mao dẫn) The tendency of a liquid in a capillary tube to rise or fall as a result of surface tension. Capillarity allows plants to draw water up from their roots to their leaves.

Capillaroscopy

(soi mao mạch) A diagnostic technique used to examine capillaries, usually in the nail fold. The doctor recommended a capillaroscopy to check for signs of autoimmune disease.

Capillaritis

(viêm mao mạch) Inflammation of the capillaries. Capillaritis can cause harmless but unsightly reddish-brown patches on the skin.

Capillary action

(hoạt động mao dẫn) The process by which liquid flows in narrow spaces without the assistance of gravity. Wicking fabric uses capillary action to pull sweat away from the skin.

Capillary tube

(ống mao dẫn) A tube with a very small internal diameter. The scientist used a glass capillary tube to collect a tiny sample of the liquid.

Capillary refill

(thời gian làm đầy mao mạch) The time taken for color to return to an external capillary bed after pressure is applied. A slow capillary refill time can be an indicator of dehydration or shock.

Choreograph

(dàn dựng vũ đạo) To plan and direct the movements of dancers in a performance. The artist was hired to choreograph the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.

Articular cartilage

(sụn khớp) The smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints. Damage to the articular cartilage can lead to significant joint pain and stiffness.

Elastic / Hyaline / Fibrous cartilage (adj-adj-adj)

(sụn đàn hồi - sụn trong - sụn xơ) The outer ear consists mainly of elastic cartilage; Hyaline cartilage provides a smooth surface for joint movement; Fibrous cartilage is tough and acts as a shock absorber in the spine.

Chilly - chili - chill (adj-n-n/v)

(lạnh lẽo - quả ớt - sự ớn lạnh/làm lạnh) The weather has turned quite chilly this evening; This recipe requires two chopped chili peppers; I felt a sudden chill when the door opened; Let the wine chill in the fridge for an hour.

Caterpillar tractor / track (n-n)

(xe kéo bánh xích - dải xích xe) The construction site used a caterpillar tractor to move heavy soil; The caterpillar track allows the vehicle to travel over muddy terrain without getting stuck.

Champagne taste on a beer budget

(thích xài sang dù tiền ít) A desire for expensive things that one cannot afford. He has a champagne taste on a beer budget, always looking at luxury cars he can't buy.

Champagne socialist

(người giàu nói chuyện bình đẳng xã hội) A wealthy person who professes to have socialist leanings. He was criticized as a champagne socialist for talking about poverty while living in a mansion.

Cork - uncorked (n/v-v2/adj)

(nút bần - đã mở nút) He carefully pulled the cork out of the bottle; The guests cheered as the host uncorked the vintage wine.

Concededly

(phải thừa nhận rằng) In a way that admits something is true. Concededly, the company's performance this year has been below expectations.

Conceit - conceitedly - conceitedness (n-adv-n)

(sự kiêu ngạo - một cách kiêu ngạo - tính tự phụ) His overwhelming conceit made him very unpopular; He spoke conceitedly about his minor achievements; Her conceitedness prevented her from taking constructive advice.

Wounded conceit

(lòng tự trọng bị tổn thương) A feeling of being offended because one's high opinion of oneself has been challenged. His wounded conceit wouldn't allow him to admit he was wrong.

Out of conceit with

(không còn hài lòng với) No longer pleased or satisfied with someone or something. After the scandal, the public was quickly out of conceit with the politician.

Literary conceit

(phép ẩn dụ cầu kỳ) An elaborate or strained metaphor used in literature. The poem uses a complex literary conceit, comparing the human soul to a garden.

Comprise / Include / Consist of / Made up / Embody (v-v-v-v-v)

(bao gồm - bao gồm - gồm có - tạo thành - hiện thân) The group comprises ten experts; The price includes tax; The team consists of six players; The committee is made up of volunteers; The new laws embody the principles of justice.

Long-awaited / Well-deserved / Swift + comeuppance

(quả báo chờ đợi đã lâu / đích đáng / nhanh chóng) A punishment or fate that someone deserves. After years of cheating his clients, the corrupt lawyer finally received his well-deserved comeuppance.

Get one's comeuppance

(chuốc lấy quả báo) To receive the punishment that one deserves. Everyone felt relieved when the office bully finally got his comeuppance.

Risque

(gợi dục/táo bạo) Slightly indecent or liable to shock, especially by being sexually suggestive. The comedian was known for his risque jokes that pushed the boundaries of public taste.

Titillating

(kích thích/khêu gợi) Pleasantly stimulating or exciting, often in a sexual way. The tabloid published titillating details about the celebrity's private life.

Supranationalism

(chủ nghĩa siêu quốc gia) The state of being composed of many nations or having power over them. The European Union is a prominent example of supranationalism in modern politics.

Instrumentalize

(công cụ hóa) To use something or someone as an instrument or tool for achieving a goal. Some critics argue that the government is trying to instrumentalize the media for propaganda.

Politicize

(chính trị hóa) To give a political character to something. It is dangerous to politicize public health issues during a pandemic.

A curate's egg

(thứ có cả tốt lẫn xấu) Something that is partly good and partly bad. The new policy is a bit of a curate's egg, offering some benefits but also causing many problems.

Emetophobia

(hội chứng sợ nôn mửa) An extreme fear of vomiting or seeing others vomit. Her emetophobia makes it very difficult for her to travel on long bus journeys.

Thatch (n/v)

(mái tranh - lợp tranh) The cottage was covered with a thick layer of thatch; They hired a local craftsman to thatch the roof of the garden shed.

Thatcher - thatching (n-n)

(thợ lợp mái tranh - nghề/việc lợp mái tranh) It is hard to find a skilled thatcher these days; Thatching is a traditional craft that requires years of training.

Thatch roof - thatch cottage (n-n)

(mái tranh - nhà tranh) The traditional thatch roof helps keep the house cool in summer; We stayed in a charming thatch cottage during our trip to the countryside.

Under the thatch

(dưới mái nhà) Inside a house or home. Everything seemed peaceful and warm under the thatch on that winter night.

Blend harmoniously

(hòa hợp một cách hài hòa) To combine in a way that is pleasing and effective. The modern extension was designed to blend harmoniously with the original stone building.

Centuries-old techniques

(kỹ thuật có từ hàng thế kỷ) Methods that have been used for hundreds of years. The artisans still use centuries-old techniques to create these beautiful silk fabrics.

Capsized

(bị lật) Overturned in the water. The small fishing boat capsized after being hit by a massive wave.

Whirlpool of (situation)

(vòng xoáy của hoàn cảnh) A powerful and often dangerous situation that is hard to escape. She found herself caught in a whirlpool of debt and family problems.

Whirlpool bath

(bồn tắm massage) A bathtub with jets that circulate the water. Relaxing in a whirlpool bath is a great way to relieve muscle tension.

Caught in a whirlpool

(bị cuốn vào vòng xoáy) To be stuck in a powerful circular current of water or a difficult situation. The swimmer was almost caught in a whirlpool near the rocks.

Therapeutic retreat

(nơi nghỉ dưỡng trị liệu) A place where one goes to relax and improve their health. The forest spa is a perfect therapeutic retreat for those suffering from stress.

Hydrotherapy

(thủy trị liệu) The use of water in the treatment of diseases or injuries. The athlete underwent hydrotherapy to speed up his recovery from the knee surgery.

Brutalize - brutalized - brutalization - brutalizer (v-adj-n-n)

(hành hạ/làm cho tàn bạo - bị hành hạ - sự làm cho tàn bạo - kẻ tàn bạo) Violent movies can brutalize young audiences; The brutalized survivors required long-term psychological support; The brutalization of prisoners is a serious human rights violation; He was known as a cruel brutalizer of those weaker than him.

Sustenance - sustainer (n-n)

(chất dinh dưỡng/sự duy trì - người duy trì/nguồn duy trì) The hikers relied on dried fruits and nuts for sustenance during the long trek; Agriculture is the main sustainer of the local economy.

Means of sustenance

(phương kế sinh nhai) A way of obtaining food or money to survive. For many coastal villagers, fishing is their only means of sustenance.

Compendium - compendious - compendiously (n-adj-adv)

(bản tóm tắt/tuyển tập - tóm tắt ngắn gọn - một cách tóm tắt) The book is a compendium of all the laws passed this year; He provided a compendious account of the historical events; The report was compendiously written to save time for the readers.

A compendium of + knowledge / information / recipes

(một kho tàng/tuyển tập về…) A collection of many things in one place. This website serves as a compendium of information for bird watchers.

Corporeal - corporeality - corporeally (adj-n-adv)

(thuộc về thân xác - tính hữu hình/thân xác - về mặt thể chất) He believes that ghosts have no corporeal form; The artist explores the corporeality of the human figure through sculpture; We exist both spiritually and corporeally.

Corporeal + existence / punishment / being / world / form / beauty

(sự tồn tại/hình phạt/thực thể/thế giới/hình dáng/vẻ đẹp thuộc về thể chất) Many schools have banned corporeal punishment to protect students' well-being.

Theologians

(các nhà thần học) People who study religion and religious beliefs. Theologians have debated the meaning of these ancient scriptures for centuries.

Convection - convector - convectional - convective (n-n-adj-adj)

(sự đối lưu - máy sưởi đối lưu - thuộc về đối lưu - có tính đối lưu) Heat is transferred through liquids by convection; We bought a new electric convector to warm the bedroom; Convectional rain is common in tropical regions; Meteorologists track convective storms during the summer.

Natural / Forced / Thermal + convection

(đối lưu tự nhiên / cưỡng bức / nhiệt) Natural convection occurs when warm air rises without the help of a fan.

Convection current

(dòng đối lưu) A movement within a fluid that results from convection. The convection current in the boiling water moved the pasta around the pot.

Burgundy (n/adj)

(màu đỏ vang - có màu đỏ vang) She bought a bottle of burgundy; The room was decorated in burgundy silk.

Chestnut (n/adj)

(hạt dẻ/cây dẻ - có màu nâu đỏ hạt dẻ) We roasted a chestnut over the fire; He has beautiful chestnut hair.

Ebony (n/adj)

(gỗ mun - đen như gỗ mun) The statue was carved from solid ebony; She stared into the ebony night sky.

Khaki (n/adj)

(vải kaki/màu kaki - có màu kaki) He wore a heavy khaki for the expedition; She put on her khaki trousers.

Scarlet (n/adj)

(màu đỏ tươi - có màu đỏ tươi) The cardinal's feathers were a brilliant scarlet; She felt her face turn scarlet with embarrassment.

Sea-green (n/adj)

(màu xanh nước biển - có màu xanh nước biển) The artist mixed blue and yellow to create a perfect sea-green; Her sea-green eyes sparkled in the sun.

Sky-blue (n/adj)

(màu xanh da trời - có màu xanh da trời) The ceiling was painted in a soft sky-blue; He wore a sky-blue shirt to the party.

Coal-black (n/adj)

(màu đen than - đen như than) The cat's fur was as dark as coal-black; He rode a coal-black stallion through the forest.

Right angle

(góc vuông) An angle of $90^\circ$. The carpenter checked that the corner was a perfect right angle.

Linear

(thuộc về đường thẳng/tuyến tính) Arranged in or extending along a straight line. The price increase followed a linear pattern over the last year.

Rear (adj/n)

(phía sau - phần đuôi/phần sau) Please use the rear entrance; There is a small garden at the rear of the house.

Wrinkly

(nhăn nheo) Having many small lines or folds. The newborn puppy had a cute, wrinkly face.

Amphibian

(động vật lưỡng cư) An animal such as a frog that can live both on land and in water. A frog is a well-known amphibian.

Cold-blooded - warm-blooded (adj-adj)

(máu lạnh - máu nóng) Reptiles are cold-blooded animals; Mammals are warm-blooded creatures that can regulate their own body temperature.

Rodent

(loài gặm nhấm) A small mammal with sharp front teeth, such as a rat or mouse. A squirrel is a type of rodent commonly found in parks.

Badger (v)

(nài nỉ/làm phiền) To pester or annoy someone repeatedly. The kids continued to badger their father until he agreed to take them to the park.

Coyote (person)

(kẻ buôn người qua biên giới) A person who smuggles people across a border, especially from Mexico into the US. The refugees paid a coyote a huge sum of money to guide them through the desert.

Photobomb

(nhảy vào ảnh của người khác) To move into the frame of a photograph as it is being taken as a joke. My younger brother tried to photobomb our serious family portrait.

Phablet

(điện thoại lai máy tính bảng) A smartphone having a screen which is intermediate in size between that of a typical smartphone and a tablet. He prefers using a phablet because it's better for reading e-books on the go.

Noods

(mì - tiếng lóng) A slang term for noodles. Do you want to go grab some noods for lunch?

Solstice

(chí/điểm chí) Either of the two times in the year when the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon. The summer solstice is the longest day of the year.

Pump (n/v)

(máy bơm - bơm) The fuel pump at the station is broken; We need to pump air into the bicycle tires.

Probe (n/v)

(thiết bị thăm dò/cuộc điều tra - thăm dò/điều tra) The space probe reached Mars yesterday; The journalist began to probe into the company's financial records.

Shed (n/v)

(nhà kho/lán - rụng/trút bỏ) He keeps his gardening tools in the shed; Trees shed their leaves in the autumn.

Shrink (person)

(bác sĩ tâm lý - tiếng lóng) A clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, or psychotherapist. After the trauma, he decided to go see a shrink to talk about his feelings.

Shrug

(nhún vai) To raise your shoulders to show you do not know or care about something. When I asked him the way, he just gave a shrug and walked away.

Span (v)

(kéo dài qua) To extend across a period of time or a physical space. The bridge spans the entire width of the river.

Steer (advice)

(lời khuyên/hướng dẫn) To give someone helpful information or advice. He gave me a good steer on which stocks to invest in.

Trail (v)

(theo đuôi/vạch ra đường) To follow behind someone or to draw a line. The little boy trailed behind his mother at the supermarket.

Elephantine (adj)

(to lớn như voi/vụng về) Extremely large or clumsy. The task of moving the massive statue required elephantine effort.

Hulking (adj)

(to lớn/đồ sộ) Very large, heavy, or clumsy. A hulking figure emerged from the shadows of the old warehouse.

Supersized

(kích cỡ cực lớn) Much larger than the usual size. He ordered a supersized meal at the fast-food restaurant.

Mountainous (adj)

(to lớn như núi/có nhiều núi) Having many mountains or being huge. The region is very mountainous; He had a mountainous pile of paperwork on his desk.

Monumental

(vĩ đại/đồ sộ) Extremely great, serious, or important. The discovery of the ancient tomb was a monumental achievement for the team.

Titanic (adj)

(khổng lồ/mạnh mẽ) Of exceptional strength, size, or power. The two companies are locked in a titanic struggle for market dominance.

Astronomical (adj)

(con số thiên văn/cực lớn) Extremely large (especially relating to costs or numbers). The cost of repairing the old house was astronomical.

Lilliputian (adj)

(cực nhỏ/tí hon) Extremely small or trivial. Compared to the massive skyscraper, the surrounding houses looked lilliputian.

Miniscule (adj)

(nhỏ xíu/rất nhỏ) Extremely small or tiny. Even a miniscule error in the calculations could cause the entire mission to fail.

Puny

(nhỏ bé/yếu ớt) Small and weak. The kitten looked so puny compared to the rest of the litter.