Energy

Energy

The ability to do work or produce change, existing in various forms such as kinetic, potential, thermal, chemical, and nuclear energy.

Kinetic Energy

Energy associated with the motion of an object, directly proportional to mass and the square of velocity.

Potential Energy

Stored energy due to position or condition that can convert to kinetic energy.

Energy Transfer

The movement of energy from one object to another without changing form.

Energy Transformation

The process of changing one form of energy into another.

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transferred or transformed.

Thermal Equilibrium

A condition where two objects are at the same temperature due to heat flow.

Heat Transfer Methods

Methods include conduction (direct contact), convection (through moving fluids), and radiation (electromagnetic waves).

Energy Efficiency Formula

Efficiency = (Useful energy output / Total energy input) × 100.

Sankey Diagrams

Visual representations showing input energy, useful output, and wasted energy, where arrow thickness is proportional to energy amount.

Scientific Method

A systematic process including observation, inference, hypothesis formulation, and controlled experimentation.

Kinetic Energy Forms

Mechanical, thermal, sound, and electrical energy related to the movement of objects and particles.

Potential Energy Forms

Gravitational, elastic, chemical, and nuclear energy related to position or conditions.

Energy Flow Diagrams

Illustrations showing paths from one form of energy to another and highlighting useful versus wasted energy.