BIO244-005 Anatomical Terms Lab 1

prone

face down

supine

face up

Superior

above or higher then another body part

Cephalic

above or higher then another body part

Cranial

above or higher then another body part

Inferior

away or below another body part

Caudal

away or below another body part

Anterior

towards the front

Ventral

towards the front

Posterior

back

Dorsal

back

Lateral

Towards the side

Medial

Towards middle

Superficial

Close to surface

Deep

Far away from surface

Proximal

Closer to the point of attachment

Distal

Far away from point of attachment

Cephalic

Pertaining to the head

Frontal

Pertaining to the forehead

Orbital

Pertaining to the eye

Occipital

Back of the skull

Otic

Pertaining to the ear

Nasal

Pertaining to the nose

Oral

Pertaining to the mouth

Buccal

Pertaining to the cheek

Mental

Pertaining to the chin

Cervical

Pertaining to the neck

Axillary

Pertaining to the armpits

Acromial

Pertaining to the point of shoulder

Brachial

Pertaining to the upperarm

(shoulder to elbow)

Antecubital

Anterior elbow

Olecranal

Posterior elbow

Antebrachial

Pertaining to the forearm

Carpal

Pertaining to the wrist

Palmar

Palm of hand

Pollex

Pertaining to the thumb

Digital

Fingers/toes

Phalangeal

Fingers/toes

Sternal

Breast bone

Mammary

Breast

Umbilical

Belly button

Coxal

Hip

Inguinal

Groin

Vertebral

Spiral Column

Dorsal

Whole back

Lumbar

Lower back

Gluteal

Butt

Perineal

Between genitals and anus

Femoral

Thigh

Patallar

Anterior surface of knee

Popliteal

Posterior part of knee

Crural

Anterior leg

Sural

Posterior calf of leg

Fibular/ Peroneal

Lateral part of leg

Calcaneal

Heel

Plantar

Sole of foot

Tarsal

Ankle

Internal Organs in Cranial

Brain

Internal Organs in ventral

heart, lungs, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and reproductive organs

Internal Organs in pleural

Lungs

Internal Organs in abdominopelvic

Stomach, liver, intestines, spleen, pancreas, kidneys

Internal Organs in epigastric region

Liver and gallbladder

Internal Organs in right lumbar region

Large intestine

Internal Organs in left inguinal (iliac) region

small intestine

Sagittal plane

Divides the body into left and right parts

Midsagittal (median) plane

Divides the body into equal parts (left and right)

Parasagittal plane

Divides the body into left and right but unequal

Coronal (frontal) plane

Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Transverse plane

Divides the body into inferior and superior parts

Oblique plane

any section made at another angle that is not perpendicular or parallel to other planes

Longitudinal section

A lengthwise cut of an organ

Cross section

A cut perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the organ

Lumen

Opening in tubed organs

Dorsal Body Cavity

Subdivided into cranial and vertebral cavities

Ventral Body Cavity

Divided into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Thoracic Cavity

Contains two pleural cavities and the mediastinum

Mediastinum Cavity

Superior cavity houses blood vessels, trachea

Inferior Pericardial cavity contains the heart

Abdominopelvic cavity

Subdivided into abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Organs found in the abdominal cavity

Stomach, liver, intestines, spleen, pancreas, kidneys

Pelvic cavity

Reproductive organs, urinary bladder, part of the large intestine

Anatomy

The study of the structures of the body

Physiology

The study of the functions of the body

Atom

Smallest unit of a chemical element

Made of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Molecule

A group of 2 or more atoms

ex. H20, CO 2

Cell

The smallest functional living unit of the body

Tissue

a group of similar cells working together to perform the same function

Organ

A group of tissues working together to perform a function

System (organ system)

A group of organs working together to perform a function 13 different systems

Organism

Made up of all of the organ systems working together