Med Terms Chapter 3 (Integumentary System)

albin/o

white (combining form)

bi/o

life (combining form)

cry/o

cold (combining form)

cutane/o

skin (combining form)

cyan/o

blue (combining form)

derm/o

skin (combining form)

dermat/o

skin (combining form)

diaphor/o

profuse sweating (combining form)

electr/o

electricity (combining form)

erythr/o

red (combining form)

hidr/o

sweat (combining form)

ichthy/o

scaly, dry (combining form)

kerat/o

hard, horny (combining form)

leuk/o

white (combining form)

lip/o

fat (combining form)

melan/o

black (combining form)

myc/o

fungus (combining form)

necr/o

death (combining form)

onych/o

nail (combining form)

pil/o

hair (combining form)

phot/o

light (combining form)

py/o

pus (combining form)

rhytid/o

wrinkle (combining form)

scler/o

hard (combining form)

seb/o

oil (combining form)

trich/o

hair (combining form)

ungu/o

nail (combining form)

vesic/o

bladder (combining form)

-derma

skin

-opsy

view of

-tome

instrument used to cut

allo-

other, different from usual

xeno-

strange, foreign

skin (integument)(cutaneous membrane)

main organ of the integumentary system/largest organ of the body; functions in protection, housing nerve receptors, secreting fluids, and regulating temperature

sweat glands (sudoriferous glands)

highly coiled glands in the dermis that produce sweat

sebaceous glands

glands in the dermis that secrete the oil sebum

hair

covers much of the body; protects skin from environmental influences; responds to temperature

nails

flat plates of keratin that cover the ends of fingers and toes

pathogens

disease-causing organisms

sensory receptors

located in skin; detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure

epidermis

thin, outer membrane layer of skin

dermis (corium)

middle, fibrous connective tissue layer of skin

subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)(subcu)(subq)

innermost layer of skin, containing fatty tissue

stratified squamous epithelium

epithelial tissue consisting of flat, scale-like cells arranged in overlapping layers (strata); composes epidermis

basal layer

deepest layer within the epidermis

keratin

a hard protein involved in the integumentary system

melanocytes

special cells in the basal layer that produce melanin

melanin

black pigment produced by melanocytes

collagen fibers

made from a strong, fibrous protein present in connective tissue, forming a flexible "glue" that gives connective tissue its strength

lipocytes

fat cells that compose the subcutaneous layer

hair root

forces older keratinized cells to move upward, forming the hair shaft

hair shaft

portion of hair that grows toward the skin surface

hair follicle

contains the hair shaft

integumentary system

system containing skin, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair, and nails

arrector pili

smooth muscle attached to hair that causes the hair shaft to stand up when it contracts (goosebumps)

nail body

main part of the nail; covers ends of fingers and toes

nail bed

connects the nail body to the tissue underneath

nail root

where nails grow from; at the base of the nail

cuticle

soft tissue that covers and protects the nail root

free edge

exposed edge that is trimmed when nails become too long

lunula

light-colored half-moon area at the base of the nail

sebum

oil that lubricates the hair and skin, preventing drying and cracking

sweat duct

how sweat travels to the surface of the skin

sweat pore

surface opening of a sweat duct

perspiration (sweat)

contains a small amount of waste product but is normally colorless and odorless

apocrine glands

sweat glands in pubic and underarm areas that secrete a thicker sweat, which can produce an odor when it comes into contact with skin bacteria

subcutaneous (hypodermic)

pertaining to under the skin

epidermal

pertaining to upon the skin

intradermal

pertaining to within the skin

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

dermatologist

specialist in skin

dermatosis

abnormal condition of the skin

dermatopathy

skin disease

dermatoplasty

surgical repair of the skin; skin grafting; transplantation of skin

anhidrosis

abnormal condition of no sweat

hyperhidrosis

abnormal condition of excessive sweat

lipectomy

removal of fat

lipoma

fatty mass

melanoma

black tumor

melanocyte

black cell

necrosis

abnormal condition of death

onychectomy

removal of a nail

onychomalacia

softening of nails

onychomycosis

abnormal condition of nail fungus

onychophagia

nail eating (biting)

pyogenic

pus forming

rhytidectomy

removal of wrinkles; commonly referred to as a face lift

rhytidoplasty

surgical repair of wrinkles

seborrhea

oily discharge

trichomycosis

abnormal condition of hair fungus

ungual

pertaining to the nails

erythroderma

red skin

ichthyoderma

scaly and dry skin

leukoderma

white skin

pyoderma

pus skin

scleroderma

hard skin

xeroderma

dry skin

abrasion

a scraping away of the skin surface by friction

cicatrix

a scar

comedo (blackhead)

collection of hardened sebum in hair follicle