Judaism - Beliefs and Teachings (General Knowledge)

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What is monotheism?

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84 Terms

1

What is monotheism?

When a someone believes in one God

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2

How many Gods do Jews believe in?

One

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3

What are the 4 things that describe God in Judaism?

  • One

  • Creator

  • Lawgiver

  • Judge

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4

Why is the Almighty described as one?

He is one God

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5

Why is the Almighty described as the creator?

He created everything in existence

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6

Why is the Almighty described as the lawgiver?

Can link to the Covenant at Sinai - where he gives Moses the Decalogue

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7

Why is the Almighty described as a judge?

Can link to the Day of Judgement, or how God judges whether we go to Gehenna or Ganeden after death

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8

How do Orthodox Jews interpret the Torah?

As the literal Word of God

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9

How do Liberal/Reform Jews interpret the Torah?

As the inspired Word of God

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10

What is the Torah?

The first 5 books of the Tanakh

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11

What are the 5 books in the Torah?

  • Genesis

  • Exodus

  • Leviticus

  • Number

  • Deuteronomy

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12

What is the Tanakh?

Jewish holy book

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13

What are the 3 sections in the Tanakh called?

  1. Torah

  2. Nevi’im

  3. Ketuvim

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14

What is the Talmud?

Text containing Jewish sayings, ideas, or stories

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15

What does Yahweh mean?

Lord

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16

What does Hashem Tzevaot mean?

Lord of Hosts

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17

WHat does El Shaddai mean?

God Almighty

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18

WHat does Elohim mean?

Plural for El, suggesting there is more to GOd than a single part

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19

What does El mean?

Powerful and mighty God

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20

What does Hakadosh Baruch Hu mean?

The Holy One Blessed be He

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21

What does Hashem mean?

The name

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22

What do Jews believe about the name of God?

It is so holy it should not be spoken aloud or written, and never erased

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23

Why does God have multiple names?

  • They describe his characteristics

  • Show his complexity, yet he remains one

  • Bring Jews closer to him

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24

What is the Shekinah?

The divine presence

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25

How is the divine presence felt?

  • Study of the Tanakh/Talmud

  • Tabernacle

  • Prayer

  • Worship

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26

What is a yeshiva?

Jewish school

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27

What is learnt at a yeshiva?

Torah study, english, and maths

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28

Who usually goes to a yeshiva school?

Orthodox and Hasidic Jews

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29

What is a Hasidic Jew?

Ultra-Orthodox Jew

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30

What is the Jewish place of worship called?

Synagogue

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31

What is a minyan?

Group of 10 adults over the age of 13 (men only in Orthodox tradition) pray together - there will be a divine presence

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32

What is the Kaddish prayer?

Hymn praising God

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33

What does Messiah mean?

Anointed one

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34

What does anointed mean?

Marked for greatness

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35

Who is the Messiah?

The one who will be anointed King of Israel in the End of Days

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36

What is the Messianic Age?

Period of time with peace and harmony throughout Israel due to the Messiah’s rule

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37

What are the teachings/beliefs about the Messiah?

  • Human

  • Political leader

  • Descendent of King David

  • Will rebuild the temple

  • Expert in Jewish law

  • Will establish Jewish law in the land

  • Charismatic

  • Great military leader

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38

What is Tikkun Olam?

Concept that encourage improvement in the world

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39

When do Jews think the Messiah will come?

Either any time, at a set date, or when he is most needed

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40

Why can the idea of the Messiah coming when he is most needed be contradicted?

The Messiah didn’t arrive during the Holocaust

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41

What is a covenant?

Everlasting agreement between 2 parties

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42

When did the Jewish people enter a covenant with God?

After Moses led them out of slavery in Egypt to the Promised Land

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43

What does brit olam mean?

Everlasting covenant

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44

Who had made covenants with God before Moses?

Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob

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45

Where did Moses grow up?

In the Pharaoh’s household

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46

When did God first speak to Moses?

Burning bush

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47

Why did Moses run away from the Pharaoh’s house?

He became a Jew

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48

What are the 10 plagues of Egypt?

When God sent 10 things at separate times, trying to get the Pharaoh to release the Jews

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49

What happened after God sent the 10th plague?

Pharaoh surrendered and let Moses lead the Jews out of Egypt

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50

What did God give to Moses other than the Decalogue?

The Torah and Talmud

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51

What are the 10 Commandments?

  1. Believe in one God

  2. Do not worship false idols

  3. Do not use the Lord’s name in vain

  4. Honour the Sabbath

  5. Honour your mother and father

  6. Do not commit murder

  7. Do not commit adultery

  8. Do not steal

  9. Do not lie

  10. Do not covet

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52

What did Moses and all the Jews agree to at Sinai?

To obey God

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53

Who are the 3 patriarchs of Judaism?

Abraham (grandfather)

Isaac (father)

Jacob (son)

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54

Who is the founder of Judaism?

Abraham

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55

What was Abraham’s name before the covenant?

Abram

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56

What were most religions before Judaism?

Polytheistic

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57

What is polytheism?

Believing in more than one God

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58

What other religions did Abraham find?

Christianity and Islam

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59

What was given to Abraham at his covenant?

A child

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60

How did Abraham seal the covenant?

Circumcision of him and all the males in his family and changing his name

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61

How many times did God test Abraham?

10

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62

What was the first test that God gave Abraham?

Leaving home

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63

What was the last test God gave Abraham?

Sacrificing his son

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64

What happened during during God’s last test for Abraham?

An angel stopped it as he had shown he was obedient

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65

Who else was Abraham’s son?

Ishmael

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66

Who was Ishmael’s mother?

Sarah’s (his wife) maid

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67

Has the Abrahamic covenant been fully fulfilled yet?

No

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68

What does the birth of Isaac, Abraham’s son, show?

That God always keeps his promisesq

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69

What do Jews think about life?

It is given by God, therefore is sacred

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70

What is Pikuach Nefesh?

Concept that saving a human life overrides any Jewish rule

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71

What are the exceptions to Pikuach Nefesh?

Adultery, incest, murder, and idolatry

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72

What is the Sabbath/Shabbat?

Jewish day of rest

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73

Is euthanasia or suicide allowed in Judaism?

No

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74

Is abortion allowed in Judaism?

To save a mother’s life it is mandatory

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75

What is the Halakhah?

It teaches Jews how to perform or fulfil the Mitzvot

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76

What is the Mishneh Torah?

Compilation of all the Mitzvot

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77

How many Mitzvot are there?

613

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78

What is Olam Ha-Ba?

Spiritual afterlife following physical death

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79

What is Gan Eden?

Heaven

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80

What is Gehenna/Gehinnom?

A place for purification of the soul/hell

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81

How is hell described in religion?

Eternity away from God

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82

How is heaven described in religion?

Eternity with God

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83

Do Jews believe in punishment in the afterlife?

Yes

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84

Can you get out of Gehenna/Gehinnom?

Yes, if your soul is cleansed

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