Physic study yr 10

What is Kinetic Energy (KE)?

The energy of a moving object. depends on speed.

What is the formula for Kinetic Energy (KE)?

KE = 1/2 mv^2, where m is mass in kg and v is velocity in m/s.

What is Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)?

Energy stored due to an object's height above the ground.

What is the formula for Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)?

GPE = mgh, where m is mass in kg, g is gravitational field strength (9.8 m/s²), and h is height in m.

What is Elastic Potential Energy (EPE)?

Energy stored in stretched or compressed elastic materials.

What is the formula for Elastic Potential Energy (EPE)?

EPE = 1/2 kx^2, where k is the spring constant (N/m) and x is the extension or compression (m).

What does energy transfer refer to?

Energy moves from one object to another.

What does energy transformation refer to?

Energy changes from one form to another.

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

How does the law of conservation of energy relate to energy transfer and transformation?

In any system, the total energy before and after transformations remains the same, though some may be converted into less useful forms.

What is useful energy?

The energy that performs the intended task.

What is wasted energy?

Energy lost to the surroundings, often as heat or sound.

What is an example of a technology that

improves energy efficiency?

LED lights convert more electrical energy into light rather than heat, reducing energy waste.

What is voltage?

The energy per charge that drives current through a circuit. (Unit: Volts, V)

What is current?

The flow of electric charge. (Unit: Amperes, A)

What is resistance?

The opposition to the flow of current. (Unit: Ohms, Ω)

How does resistance affect the flow of current?

Higher resistance decreases current flow; lower resistance increases current flow.

What analogy is used to describe voltage?

Water pressure.

What analogy is used to describe current?

Flow rate of water.

What analogy is used to describe resistance?

Rocks and sand in the river slowing down the flow.

What is AC (Alternating Current)?

Changes direction alternate back and forth.

What is DC (Direct Current)?

Flows in one direction.

What are the benefits of AC electricity?

Easily transmitted over long distances.

What are the disadvantages of AC electricity?

Requires transformers.

What are the benefits of DC electricity?

More efficient for electronics.

What are the disadvantages of DC electricity?

Harder to transport over long distances.