Sociology Chapter 11 Test

Family/Kinship

people related by marriage, blood, or adoption

Nuclear Family

parents and their children;

initially, is one’s family of orientation, then family of procreation

Family of Orientation

born or adopted into it

Family of Procreation

spouses and children

Extended Family

2 or more generations of relatives

including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins

Marriage and Kindship

see page 263 (graphic)

Functionalist Perspective

The functions of the family are:

Regulate sexual activity,

Reproduction,

Socialize Children,

Emotional Security,

Economic Security

Regulate Sexual Activity

monogamy/ incest rules

Reproduction

taboo to have children out of wedlock in the old days

Socialize Children

family values and modeling behavior

Economic Security

a consumption-based economy needs money

Some adult kids rely on their parents

Conflict Perspective

focuses on dysfunctions:

Subordination of Women,

Violence/Abuse,

Perpetuates Stratification / Cycle of Poverty,

Delegitimizes Variant Lifestyles

1.2% of all

marriages are same sex

5% of new marriages in Indiana

are same sex

Interactionist Perspective

Focuses on interaction with family:

Children socialized by their parents, roles defined over time

Courtship and Marriage

Less parental control;

Males are reluctant to date those considered “smarter”;

Majority of Americans marry at least once;

Based on love, relatively new concept;

Homogamy still the norm;

Dual-earner families more common;

Family violence more likely to be reported now

Majority of Americans marry at least once is

changing

Based on Love, Relatively New Concept

used to be based on money and religion

Homogamy still the Norm

similar social characteristics

Dual-Earner Families are more Common

Family and Medical Leave Act

(maternity leave = 12 weeks)

15-20% of marriages are

mulitracial/ multiethnic

Average cost of a wedding nationally and in Indiana

$33,000 and $23,000

Most marriages take place in

Vegas and New York

Nevada (1), Hawaii (2), and Montana (3) are

the states with the most weddings

Divorce rate has

declined

40-45% of marriages

end in divorce

2/3 of second marriages

also end in divorce

Divorce is impacted by

Age,

Education,

No-Fault Div. Laws,

Dual Earners,

Less Stigma,

Religion

Consequences of Divorce

blended families,

single parents,

child support,

father’s rights,

problem children,

Latchkey children;

economic issues

Latchkey children

come home to an empty home

Average cost of Divorce

$11,000

Average Length of Marriage that ends in Divorce

7 years

States with the highest and lowest divorce rates

high = Alaska;

lowest = Vermont

Incest Taboo

A cultural norm prohibiting sexual relations or marriage between closely related individuals.

Free-Range Parent

A parent who allows their child a high degree of freedom and independence.

Helicopter Parent

A parent who is overly involved in the life of their child,

often attempting to solve problems for them.

Lawnmower Parent

A parent who removes obstacles or difficulties from their child's path,

'mowing down' any challenges.

Residential Patterns

The ways in which families choose to live geographically,

such as in single-family homes, apartments, or communal living.

Kinship Patterns

The social relationships and roles that define the family unit, including blood relations, marriage, and adoption.

Marriage Patterns

The ways in which individuals in a society form and structure their marital relationships.

3 perspectives of Sociology applied to families

Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism are three sociological perspectives used to analyze families.

No-fault Divorce Law

Legislation that allows for divorce without the need to prove fault or marital misconduct.

Prenuptial Agreement

A legal contract signed before marriage that outlines how assets will be divided in the event of divorce.

Obergefell vs. Hodges

A landmark Supreme Court case that legalized same-sex marriage in the United States.

Cohabitation

Living together in a romantic relationship without being married.

Sandwich Generation

Middle-aged adults who are simultaneously caring for their children and aging parents.

Blended Family

A family unit consisting of a couple and their children from current and previous relationships.

Delay Marriage

Average age for Men is 30.2;

Average age for Women is 28.5

Smaller Families

Average household size is 2.5; Average something is 3.13

Delayed childbearing contributes to

sandwich generation issues

Childlessness

71% of adults are living without kids

One-parent households

more common among African American households;

more financial stress

Daycare

on average, people spend $10,000 on day care in Indiana

Remarriage

Blended families

Boomerang kids

Adult children coming back to live with parents

Remaining Single

increasing;

29% of people in the U.S. live alone

Adults 15 and older

50 % are married;

34% never married;

10% are divorced;

6%are widowed

DINK

Dual Income No Kids