Sociology Chapter 11 Test

The Family

Family/Kinship - people related by marriage, blood, or adoption

Nuclear Family - parents and their children; initially, is one’s family of orientation, then family of procreation

Family of Orientation - born or adopted into it

Family of Procreation - spouses and children

Extended Family - 2 or more generations of relatives; including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.

Marriage and Kindship - see page 263 (graphic)

Explanations/Perspectives of the Family

Functionalist Perspective - the functions of the family are: Regulate sexual activity, Reproduction, Socialize Children, Emotional Security, Economic Security

Regulate Sexual Activity - monogamy/ incest rules

Reproduction - taboo to have children out of wedlock in the old days

Socialize Children - family values and modeling behavior

Economic Security - a consumption-based economy needs money/ some adult kids relying on parents

Conflict Perspective - focuses on dysfunctions: Subordination of Women, Violence/Abuse, Perpetuates Stratification / Cycle of Poverty, Delegitimizes Variant Lifestyles

1.2% of all - marriages are same sex

5% of new marriages in Indiana - a same sex

Interactionist Perspective - focuses on interaction with family: Children socialized by their parents, roles defined over time

Courtship and Marriage

Courtship and Marriage - less parental control; males are reluctant to date those considered “smarter”; majority of Americans marry at least once; based on love, relatively new concept; homogamy still the norm; dual-earner families more common; family violence more likely to be reported now

Majority of Americans marrying at least once is - changing

Based on Love, Relatively New Concept - used to be based on money and religion

Homogamy still the Norm - similar social characteristics

Dual-Earner Families are more Common - Family and Medical Leave Act (maternity leave = 12 weeks)

15-20% of marriages are - mulitracial/ multiethnic

Average cost of a wedding nationally and in Indiana - $33,000 and $23,000

Most marriages take place in - Vegas and New York

Nevada (1), Hawaii (2), and Montana (3) are - the states with the most weddings

Divorce

Divorce rate has - declined

40-45% of marriages - end in divorce

2/3 of second marriages - also end in divorce

Divorce is impacted by - Age, Education, No-Fault Div. Laws, Dual Earners, less Stigma, and Religion

Consequences of Divorce - blended families, single parents, child support, father’s rights, problem children, latchkey children; economic issues

Latchkey children - come home to an empty home

Average cost of Divorce - $11,000

Average Length of Marriage that ends in Divorce - 7 years

States with the highest and lowest divorce rate - high = Alaska; lowest = Vermont

Recent Trends

delay marriage - Average age for Men is 30.2; Average age for Women is 28.5

smaller families - Average household size is 2.5; Average something is 3.13

Delayed childbearing contributes to - sandwich generation issues

childlessness - 71% of adults are living without kids

One-parent households - more common among African American households; more financial stress

latchkey kids

daycare - on average people spend $10,000 on day care in Indiana

Decline of traditional household

remarriage - Blended families

boomerang kids - Adult children coming back to live with parents

same-sex partners

cohabitation

Remaining Single - increasing; 29% of people in the U.S. live alone

Adults 15 and older - 50 % are married; 34% never married; 10% are divorced; 6%are widowed

DINK - Dual Income No Kids

FROM QUIZLET

incest taboo - A cultural norm prohibiting sexual relations or marriage between closely related individuals.

free-range parent - A parent who allows their child a high degree of freedom and independence.

helicopter parent - A parent who is overly involved in the life of their child, often attempting to solve problems for them.

lawnmower parent - A parent who removes obstacles or difficulties from their child's path, 'mowing down' any challenges.

residential patterns - The ways in which families choose to live geographically, such as in single-family homes, apartments, or communal living.

kinship patterns - The social relationships and roles that define the family unit, including blood relations, marriage, and adoption.

marriage patterns - The ways in which individuals in a society form and structure their marital relationships.

3 perspectives of Sociology applied to families - Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism are three sociological perspectives used to analyze families.

no-fault divorce law - Legislation that allows for divorce without the need to prove fault or marital misconduct.

prenuptial agreement - A legal contract signed before marriage that outlines how assets will be divided in the event of divorce.

Obergefell vs. Hodges - A landmark Supreme Court case that legalized same-sex marriage in the United States.

cohabitation - Living together in a romantic relationship without being married.

sandwich generation - Middle-aged adults who are simultaneously caring for their children and aging parents.

blended family - A family unit consisting of a couple and their children from current and previous relationships.