U5 Study Guide - Judicial Branch

These flashcards contain key vocabulary and concepts from the judicial branch lecture, useful for studying and preparing for exams.

Judicial Review

The right of courts to interpret laws and declare acts unconstitutional.

Judicial Activism

Belief that courts should play an active role in solving social problems.

Defamation

False written or spoken expression that damages someone's reputation.

Gag Order

Court order limiting media coverage to ensure a fair trial.

Prior Restraint

Government prevention of material being published.

Writ of Certiorari

Document asking the Supreme Court to review a lower court decision.

Majority Opinion

Written decision explaining the Court's ruling and reasoning.

Dissenting Opinion

Written statement by justices who disagree with the ruling.

Concurring Opinion

Written statement that agrees with the outcome but for different reasons.

Chief Justice

Head of the U.S. Supreme Court.

Defendant

Person or group being sued or accused.

Plaintiff

A person or group bringing a lawsuit in civil court.

Precedent

Guiding example for future cases.

Civil Case Burden of Proof

The burden of proof in a civil case is based on the strength/overwhelming of the evidence.

Functions of the Supreme Court

The main function of the Supreme Court is to interpret laws and ensure they align with the Constitution.

Judicial Restraint

Judges should interpret laws based strictly on the Constitution.

Free Exercise Clause

Protects the right to practice any religion.