AP II: Chapter 23 (Unfinished)

What is the definition of digestion?

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

What does the digestive system consist of?

• Gastrointestinal tract (Alimentary canal)

• Accessory digestive organs

Which structures make up the GI tract (alimentary canal)?

• Mouth (oral cavity)

• Esophagus

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

Which organs are considered accessory digestive organs?

• Salivary glands

• Teeth

• Tongue

• Liver

• Gallbladder

• Pancreas

List in order from mouth to anus the path of food.

Mouth >> pharynx and esophagus >> stomach >> small intestine >> large intestine >> anus

When does food become a bolus?

In the mouth

When does food become chyme?

In the stomach

When does food become feces?

In the large intestine

What are the digestive activities that occur in the GI tract?

• Ingestion

• Propulsion

• Mechanical breakdown

• Digestion

• Absorption

• Defecation

What is ingestion?

The takingn of food and liquids into the mouth

What is propulsion?

The movement of food through the gastrointesinal tract

What are the two forms of propulsion?

• Delutition (swallowing)

• Peristalsis

What is mechanical breakdown?

The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces

What are the 3 types of mechanical breakdown?

• Mastication (chewing)

• Churning

• Segmentation

What is digestion?

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

What is chemical digestion?

The enzymatic breakdown of food into small, absorbable molecules

What is absorption?

The passage of digested products from the GI tract into the blood or lymph

What is defecation?

The elimination of indigestible substances from the body via the anus

Which digestive activities are happening in the mouth?

• Ingestion

• Propulsion (swa

• Mechanical breakdown

• Digestion

Which digestive activities are happening in the pharynx and esophagus?

Propulsion

Which digestive activities are happening in the stomach?

• Mechanical breakdown

• Propulsion

• Digestion

• Absorption

Which digestive activities are happening in the small intestine?

• Mechanical breakdown

• Propulsion

• Digestion

• Absorption

Which digestive activities are happening in the large intestine?

• Digestion

• Absorption

• Propulsion

• Defecation