Anatomy: Chapter 19

Blood Vessels

What carries blood away from the heart?

A. veins
B. arteries
C. capillaries

B. arteries

Veins return blood to the heart.

True or False?

True

Veins do what?

A. return blood to heart
B. carry blood away from heart
C. exchange gas, nutrients and waste between blood and tissues

A. return blood to heart

Capillaries do what?

A. Return blood to heart
B. Carry blood away from heart
C. Exchange gas, nutrients and waste between blood and tissues

C. Exchange gas, nutrients and waste between blood and tissues

Small arteries are called endothelium.

True or false?

False.
Small arteries are called arterioles.

The walls of arteries are thicker and more elastic than the walls of veins to withstand higher pressure.

True or False

True.

There are four types of blood vessels.

True or false?

False.

There are three: arteries, veins, capillaries

All blood vessels are lined with a single layer of simple epithelium called:

A. arterioles
B. endothelium
C. epithelial

B. endothelium

This is the inner most membrane of the blood vessal walls. these walls are called tunics (coats) (page 263 Memmler's)

The 3 layers of wall of blood vessels are called:

A. cloaks
B.endothelim
C. tunics

C. tunics

Veins are the smallest blood vessels.
True or false?

False.

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels and are made of a single layer of cells.

The exchange of fluid between the blood and interstitial spaces is influenced by?

A. osmotic pressure
B. cardiac output
C. blood pressure

C. blood pressure

Blood pressure pushes fluid out of the capillaries.

Blood pressure pushes fluid out of the capillaries.

True or false?

True.

Osmotic pressure pushes fluid out of the capillaries.

True or false?

False.

Blood pressure pushes fluid out of the capillaries.

What draws fluid back into the capillaries?

A. osmotic pressure
B. cardiac output
C. blood pressure

A. osmotic pressure

Blood pressure is determined by:

A. cardiac output and total peripheral resistance
B. Sponge Bob and Patrick Star
C. pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit

A. cardiac output and total peripheral resistance

Pulmonary circuit transports blood between the heart and lungs for gas exchange.

True or false?

True

The transport of blood between the heart and lungs for gas exchange is through the systemic circuit.

True or false?

False.

Pulmonary circuit transports blood between the heart and lungs for gas exchange.

What system distributes blood high in oxygen to all other body tissues and returns deoxygenated blood to heart?

A. speakers circuit
B. pulmonary circuit
C. systemic circuit

C. systemic circuit

Walls of the vessels, especially small arteries, contain smooth muscle that is under control of the voluntary nervous system.

True or false?

False.

Walls of the vessels, especially small arteries, contain smooth muscle that is under control of the INVOLUNTARY nervous system.

The increased diameters of blood vessels is called:

A. vasodialation
B. vasoenlargement
C. vasoconstriction

A. vasodialation

The decreased diameters of blood vessels is called?

A. vasodialation
B. vasoenlargement
C. vasoconstriction

C. vasoconstriction

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction by the respiratory system occurs to alter blood pressure and blood distribution.

True or false?

False

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction by the NERVOUS system occurs to alter blood pressure and blood distribution.

Only one force is at work to drive blood back to the heart in the venous system.

True or false?

False

SEVERAL forces work together. a: contraction of skeletal muscles compress veins and pushes blood forward (soleus muscle) and b: changes in pressure that occur during breathing to help drive blood back to heart.

Pulse rate and blood pressure can provide information about a person's cardiovascular health.

True or false?

True

Small vessel where exchanges between blood and cells take place:

A. vein
B. capillary
C. arteriole

B. capillary

Vessel that receives blood from capillaries:

A. venule
B. capillary
C. arteriole

A. venule

memlers pg. 262

Vessel that branches off the aorta:

A. arteriole
B. limb
C. artery

C. artery

Small vessel that delivers blood to capillaries:

A. arteriole
B. limb
C. artery

A. arteriole

Vessel that receives blood from venules and delivers to heart:

A. arteriole
B. capillary
C. vein

C. vein

The blood vessels, together with the 4 chambers of heart, form an open system in which blood is carried to and from the tissues.

True or false?

False

The blood vessels, together with the 4 chambers of heart, form a CLOSED system in which blood is carried to and from the tissues.

Whole blood does not leave the closed system, but components of plasma and tissue fluid can be exchanged through the walls of the tiniest vessels by way of \________.

A. vesticles
B. capillaries
C. off ramps

B. capillaries

Blood follows a sequence from the heart. Select the correct sequence.

A. veins, venules, capillaries, arterioles, arteries
B. arterioles, arteries, capillaries, venules, veins
C. arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

C. arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

pg. 262 Memmler's

Arteries carry blood away from heart and toward tissues. The heart's ventricles pump blood into the arteries.

True or false?

True

Arterioles are small subdivisions of veins that carry blood into capillaries.

True or false?

False

Arterioles are small subdivisions of ARTERIES that carry blood into capillaries.

What connects arterioles and venules?

A. capillaries
B. arteries
C. veins

A. capillaries

Venules allow exchanges between the two systems and occur between blood and body cells and between blood and body cells.

True or false?

False.

CAPILLARIES allow exchanges between the two systems and occur between blood and body cells and between blood and body cells.

What are small vessels that receive blood from the capillaries and begin bloods transport back toward heart?

A. venules
B. venus
C. veins

A. venules

The flow of blood from heart: arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins.(pg. 262)

The sequence of the flow of blood from heart: arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins.

True or false?

True.

Veins are formed by the merger of venules. Veins continue the transport of blood until it is returned to the heart.

True or false?

True.

Veins are formed by the merger of arteries.

True or false?

False

veins are formed by the merger of VENULES. Veins continue the transport of blood until itis returned to the heart.

What are the five types of blood vessels?

A. arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
B. atrium, valve, vena cava, ventricles, aorta

A. arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

The blood vessels together are subdivided into three groups: gastric, splenic, hepatic.

True or false?

False

The blood vessels together are subdivided into TWO groups: pulmonary and systemic

The PULMONARY circuit or SYSTEMIC circuit is responsible for the following action:

A group of vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs for gas exchange.

Which one?

Pulmonary

The PULMONARY circuit or SYSTEMIC circuit is responsible for the following action:

A group of vessels that carry nutrients and oxygen to all tissues of the body except lungs.

Which one?

Systemic

The PULMONARY circuit or SYSTEMIC circuit is responsible for the following action:

A group of vessels that includes the aorta.

Which one?

Systemic

The PULMONARY circuit or SYSTEMIC circuit is responsible for the following action:

A group of vessels that deliver blood to left atrium.

Which one?

Pulmonary

The PULMONARY circuit or SYSTEMIC circuit is responsible for the following action:

A group of vessels that deliver blood to the right atrium.

Which one?

Systemic

The PULMONARY circuit or SYSTEMIC circuit is responsible for the following action:

A group of vessels that receive blood from the right ventricle.

Which one?

Pulmonary

The ______ circuit delivers blood to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is eliminated and oxygen is replenished and carry blood to and from the lungs.

A. pulmonary

B. systemic

C. elctrical

Pulmonary

The pulmonary arteries carry blood that is low and high in oxygen.

True or false?

False.

The pulmonary ARTERIES carry blood that is LOW and pulmonary VEINS carry blood HIGH in oxygen. All remaining arteries carry highly oxygenated blood and all remaining veins carry blood that is low in oxygen.

The \_____ circuit supplies nutrients and oxygen to all the tissues except the lungs and carry waste materials away from tissue for disposal.

A. pulmonary
B. systemic
C. elctrical

B. Systemic

What has the thinnest walls of any vessel and only has one layer?

A. veins
B. arteries
C.capillaries

C.capillaries

The arteries have thick walls because they must be strong enough to receive blood pumped under pressure from heart's ventricles.

True or false?

True.

The arteries have three layers of tissue called \_______ .

A. veins
B. tunics
C. striated

B. tunics

Arteries three layers are:
~innermost membrane - simple, flat epithelial cells that make up the endothelim, forming smooth surfrace over which blood flows.
~middle and thickest layer- smooth involuntary muscle, under control of autonomic nervous system (ANS)
~outer layer- supporting connective tissue

True or false?

True.

The middle layer of an artery is:

A. the thickest layer smooth involuntary muscle, under control of autonomic nervous system (ANS)
B. simple, flat epithelial cells make up endothelim forming smooth surfrace over which blood flows
C. supporting connective tissue

A. the thickest layer smooth involuntary muscle, under control of autonomic nervous system (ANS)

The outer layer of an artery is:

A. the thickest layer smooth involuntary muscle, under control of autonomic nervous system (ANS)
B. simple, flat epithelial cells make up endothelim forming smooth surfrace over which blood flows
C. supporting connective tissue

C. supporting connective tissue

The innermost layer of an artery is:

A. the thickest layer smooth involuntary muscle, under control of autonomic nervous system (ANS)
B. simple, flat epithelial cells make up endothelim forming smooth surfrace over which blood flows
C. supporting connective tissue

B. simple, flat epithelial cells make up endothelim forming smooth surfrace over which blood flows

True or False? Elastic tissue between layers of arterial wall allows vessels to stretch when receiving blood and contract to original size.

True

The arterioles (subdivisions of arteries) have _____ walls with little elastic tissue and more _____ muscle. and is controlled by the _______ nervous system

A. thinner; rough; automatic

B. thinner; smooth; automatic

C. thinner; smooth; sympathetic

B. thinner; smooth; automatic

The capilaries are made of what type of tissue:

A. smooth, sqaumous epithelial cells
B. cuboidal epithelial cells
C. columnar epithelial cells

A. smooth, squamous epithelial cells

Epithelial tissue or epithelium forms a protective covering for the body and forms membranes, ducts, and lining of body cavities, and hollow organs.

True or false?

True

Arteries vessel structure from outer to inner is:

\~outer tunic (connective tissue) \~middle tunic (smooth muscle) \~elastic tissue; inner tunic (endothelium)

\
True or Flase?

True.

Venules (subdivision of veins) are formed by union of capillaries and their walls are slightly thicker than capillaries.

True or false?

False

Venules (subdivision of veins) are formed by union of capillaries and their walls are slightly THINNER than capillaries

Becuase of thinner walls, veins are more easily \______ .

A. grafted
B. collapsed
C. visible

B. collapsed

Most veins have more than two -way valve.

True or false?

False

Most veins have ONE-way valves to permit blood to flow in only one direction - toward the heart!

How many cell layers make up the wall of capillaries?

One.

What type of tissue makes up the middle layer of arteries and veins and how is it controlled?

Smooth (involuntary) muscle and controlled by ANS (autonomic nervous system)

What two aorta sub-sections make up the descending aorta?

A. thoracic and abdominal aorta
B. brachiocephalic and common carotid

A. thoracic and abdominal aorta

The ascending aorta has two branches that supply the heart muscle. These 2 branches are called what:

A. right and left subclavian
B. left and right coronary arteries
C. left and right iliac arteries

B. left and right coronary arteries

What arteries supply the myocardium?

A. right and left subclavian
B. left and right coronary arteries
C. left and right iliac arteries

B. left and right coronary arteries

What artery is supplied by the right subclavian and supplies the right side of the neck, head, brain?

A. right common carotid
B. brachiocephalic
C. mesenteric artery

A. right common carotid

The intercostal arteries supply blood to the stomach.

True or false?

False.

The intercostal arteries supply blood to the chest wall muscles.

The celiac trunk is subdivided into three branches. they are?

A. Peter, Paul and Mary
B. left gastric, splenic , and hepatic
C. phrenic, suprarenal, renal

B. left gastric, splenic , and hepatic

The left gastric artery, a branch of the celiac trunk, goes to the:

A. spleen
B. stomach
C. liver

B. stomach

The splenic artery, a branch of the celiac trunk, goes to the:

A. spleen
B. stomach
C. liver

A. spleen

The hepatic artery, a branch of the celiac trunk, goes to the:

A. spleen
B. stomach
C. liver

c. liver

What are the subdivisions of the aorta?

A. ascending aorta and aortic arch
B. thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta
C. all of the above

C. all of the above

Renal arteries are vessels that branch off the ascending aorta and supply the heart muscle.

True or false?

False.

CORONARY arteries are vessels that branch off the ascending aorta and supply the heart muscle.

The head and neck gets blood supply from:

A. lumbar
B. renal
C. carotid

C. carotid

The paired arteries that branch to radial and ulnar arteries:

A. carotid arteries
B. coronary arteries
C. brachial arteries

C. brachial

A large vessel found within the pericardial sac is the ascending aorta.

True or false?

True

the tibial artery, a branch of external iliac's femoral artery, supplies the:

A. knee
B. lower leg
C. foot

B. lower leg (or leg)

The dorsalis pedis artery, a branch of external iliac's femoral artery, supplies the:

A. knee
B. lower leg
C. foot

C. foot

The femoral artery supplies the thigh.

True or false?

True.

What artery do you feel a pulse on side of neck?

A. carotid
B. intercostals
C. renal

A. carotid

What supplies blood to the arm and hand?

A. brachial
B. subclavian
C. axillary

B. subclavian artery

The subclavian becomes the axillary artery in the axilla (armpit).

True or false?

True

What arteries are formed by the final division of the abdominal aorta?

A. the common iliac arteries
B. axillary
C. radial and ulnar

A. common iliac arteries

What is the communication between 2 blood vessels called?

A. meseneric arch
B. anastomosis
C. basilar

B. anastomosis

An anastomosis under the center of brain that is formed by 2 internal carotid arteries and basilar artery is called:

A. Mesenteric Arch
B. Circle of Willis
C basilar artery

B. Circle of Willis

The basilar artery is a vessel formed by union of 2 vertebral arteries.

True or false?

True.

Circle of Willis receives blood from the internal carotid arteries and from the basilar artery.

True or false?

True.

Which is the longest vein?

A. jugular
B. saphenous
C. femoral

B. saphenous

Which is the vessel that drains into subclavian vein?

A. femoral
B. cephalic
C. lumbar

B. cephalic

What is the deep vein of thigh?

A. femoral
B. cephalic
C. lumbar

A. femoral vein

What are one of the four pairs of veins that drain the dorsal part of trunk?

A. femoral
B. cephalic
C. lumbar

C. lumbar vein

The superior vena cava receives blood draining from the head, neck, lower extremities, and the chest.

True or false?

false

The superior vena cava receives blood draining from the head, neck, UPPER extremities, and the chest.

What is large vein that drains blood from parts of body below the diaphragm?

A. inferior vena cava
B. coronary sinus
C. median cubital vein

A. inferior vena cava

The channel that drains into confluences of sinuses is superior sagittal sinus.

True or false?

True.